15th Century Collection

Medieval urine wheel. Labelled in Latin, this 15th century diagram shows some of the possible colours of urine (outer edge of circle) to help doctors diagnose urine-related diseases

Cross-section of Filippo Brunelleschis design for the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral in Florence, Italy
FLORENCE: BRUNELLESCHI. Cross-section of Filippo Brunelleschis design for the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral in Florence, Italy. Contemporary drawing by Lodovico Cardi da Cigoli

Medieval Spain and Portugal map
Map of the Iberian Peninsula in the 1300s and 1400s. Printed color lithograph reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

RUSSIAN ICONS: THE TRINITY. By Andrei Rublev. Wood, 1411

Map of Florence known as Della Catena Map of Florence, Attributed to Francesco di Lorenzo Rosselli, 1470, illustration
Cartography, Italy, 15th century. Map of Florence known as The Della Catena Map of Florence. Attributed to Francesco di Lorenzo Rosselli, 1470

Skull anatomy by Leonardo da Vinci. Historical artwork and notes on the anatomy of the human skull and teeth, by the Italian artist and scientist Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)

Gutenbergs printing press, 1450s
Gutenberg and Fust with the first printing press, Germany, 1450s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Da Vincis crossbow. Late 19th Century reproduction of a page from a notebook written by Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), showing his design for a giant crossbow. Published circa 1894-1904

Battle of Agincourt about to begin, 1415
English army on the morning of battle at Agincourt, Hundred Years War, 1415. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Glasgow University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, Europe

JOAN OF ARC (c1412-1431). French national heroine. Oil on canvas, 1879, by Jules Bastien-Lepage

Castelo de Sao Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal, South West Europe

1490 Leonardo Da Vinci colour portrait
Leonardo da Vinci, Italian artist and inventor (15 April 1452 - 2 May 1519). Engraved portrait by J. Posselwhite in The Gallery of Portraits 1835 with later colouring

LUCA PACIOLI (1445?-?1514). Italian mathematician and Franciscan friar. Painting, 16th century

APHRODITE / VENUS. Detail of Venus. Canvas, by Sandro Botticelli
APHRODITE/VENUS. Detail of Venus. Canvas, by Sandro Botticelli

Tower of London in the late Middle Ages
London during the time of Henry VII (1457-1509). Color lithograph reproduction of an illuminated manuscript: Roy 16F, ii

Angevin kings holdings in France and Britain
British Isles and France under the Angevins, 1100s-1400s. Color lithograph reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

The Dance of Death (1493) by Michael Wolgemut, from the Liber chronicarum by Hartmann Schedel. Colored engraving

CANTERBURY TALES. The beginning of the prologue to Chaucers Canterbury Tales. A 15th century manuscript page

Design for a flying machine wing operated by a spring
LEONARDO DA VINCI. Design for a flying machine wing operated by a spring

Vinland Map, oldest map of Greenland and Northern America areas discovered by Norse, Vikings during their explorations
Cartography, 15th century. Vinland Map (circa 1440). Oldest map of Greenland and Northern America areas discovered by Norse (Vikings) during their explorations

The grape harvest at the Chateau de Saumur (Loire Valley, France) in September
BOOK OF HOURS: SEPTEMBER. The grape harvest at the Chateau de Saumur (Loire Valley, France) in September. Illumination from the 15th century manuscript of the Tres Riches Heures of Jean, Duke of Berry

Looking across Embleton Bay at sunrise towards the silhouetted ruins of Dunstanburgh Castle in the distance and the vivid colours in the sky reflecting in the sea and wet sand, Embleton

St Salvators College Quad, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland

Bunratty Castle, County Clare, Munster, Republic of Ireland, Europe

Bunratty Castle, County Clare, Munster, Republic of Ireland, Europe

FALL OF REBEL ANGELS. Illumination from the 15th century manuscript of the Tres Riches Heures of Jean, Duke of Berry
FALL OF REBEL ANGELS. Illumination from the 15th century manuscript of the " Tres Riches Heures" of Jean, Duke of Berry

RUSSIAN ICONS: THE SAVIOUR. By Andrei Rublev, c1400

Ladies in Florence during the Renaissance
Noble ladies of Florence during the early 1400s. Antique hand-colored print

Medieval dining room
Dining table of a lady of quality, 1400s. Printed color lithograph reproduction of a miniature from a French manuscript, Renaud de Montauban

Longbowmen during the Hundred Years War
French archers from the town of Rheims, 1400s. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration

River Great Ouse at St. Leger Chapel Bridge, St. Ives, Cambridgeshire, England, United Kingdom, Europe

CHAUCER: CANTERBURY TALES. The Wife of Bath. A page from a facsimile of the Ellesmere manuscript of Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales, c1410

NATL2A-00001
Temple ceremony in an Aztec city. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Hand-colored woodcut
Aztec tiger knight in a costume of cotton and a helmet made of wood, from a model in Spain. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Trephination evidence in an Inca skull
Inca skull showing evidence of prehistoric trephining or brain surgery in Peru. Woodcut with a watercolor wash

GEUR2A-00057
Medieval walled city of Nuremberg, Germany, 1400s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Feudal lord instructing peasant workers
Peasants receiving their lords orders before going to work, 1400s. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of a manuscript miniature illustration

Killarney, Co Kerry, Ireland, Ross Castle And Muckross Lake

Moy Castle, Lochbuie, Isle of Mull, Inner Hebrides, Argyll and Bute, Scotland, United Kingdom, Europe

Jean, Duke of Berry, exchanging gifts and feasting with his family and friends in January
BOOK OF HOURS: JANUARY. Jean, Duke of Berry, exchanging gifts and feasting with his family and friends in January. Illumination from the 15th century manuscript of the Tres Riches Heures of Jean

Keeping warm by a farm fireside in February. Illumination from the 15th century manuscript of the Tres Riches Heures
BOOK OF HOURS: FEBRUARY. Keeping warm by a farm fireside in February. Illumination from the 15th century manuscript of the Tres Riches Heures, of Jean, Duke of Berry

University buildings along The Scores, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland

Cathedral (Duomo), Florence, UNESCO World Heritage Site, Tuscany, Italy, Europe

KNIGHTS IN TOURNAMENT. Knights on horseback in a ring at a medieval tournament, one of whom (left) is being presented with a trophy. French manuscript illumination, 15th century

Llama in Machu Picchu, Cusco Region, Peru, South America

Llama standing at Machu Picchu viewpoint, UNESCO World Heritage Site, Peru, South America

Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) observing a lunar eclipse in Rome, Italy, in 1500. Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who studied in both Poland and Italy

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"Exploring the Marvels of the 15th Century: A Journey through Art, Architecture, and Inventions" Step back in time to the 15th century, a period marked by remarkable achievements and discoveries. Delve into the intriguing world of this era as we unravel its secrets. Discover the ingenuity of medieval scientists with their peculiar inventions like the "Medieval urine wheel, " an unusual contraption used for extracting valuable chemicals from urine. Uncover Leonardo da Vinci's fascination with anatomy as you explore his intricate sketches of skull anatomy. Marvel at Filippo Brunelleschi's groundbreaking design for Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral in Florence, Italy. Take a glimpse into history through Lodovico Cardi da Cigoli's contemporary drawing depicting a cross-section of this magnificent dome. Embark on a journey across Medieval Spain and Portugal with an ancient map that reveals their geographical intricacies. Immerse yourself in Florence's rich history through Francesco di Lorenzo Rosselli's Della Catena Map, offering insights into its layout during that time. Witness Andrei Rublev's masterpiece, "The Trinity, " an exquisite Russian icon crafted from wood in 1411. Experience Johannes Gutenberg's revolutionary invention – the printing press – which forever transformed communication and knowledge dissemination during the 1450s. Admire Castelo de Sao Jorge standing proudly in Lisbon, Portugal – a testament to medieval architecture that has witnessed centuries unfold before it. Explore Glasgow University in Scotland, founded during this period and still thriving today as one of Europe's leading educational institutions. Unleash your inner warrior as you encounter Da Vinci’s crossbow while imagining yourself amidst The Battle of Agincourt about to commence in 1415 – a pivotal moment shaping European history. Finally, immerse yourself in artistry with Sandro Botticelli’s captivating depiction of Aphrodite/Venus on canvas - her beauty transcending time itself.