Acculturation Collection

CETSHWAYO (1826-1884). Last Zulu King

ANTI-IMMIGRATION CARTOON. Spoiling the Broth. American cartoon, 1921, critical of the arrival of so many immigrants that a great number failed to become assimilated into the national melting pot

Spoiling the Broth. American cartoon, 1921, critical of the arrival of so many immigrants that a great number failed to
ANTI-IMMIGRATION CARTOON. Spoiling the Broth. American cartoon, 1921, critical of the arrival of so many immigrants that a great number failed to become assimilated into the national melting pot

Apache Native American children as they arrived from Fort Marion, Florida
CARLISLE SCHOOL STUDENTS. Apache Native American children as they arrived from Fort Marion, Florida, to the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania

JOHN ROSS (1790-1866). Cherokee chief. Also known as Guwisguwi. Lithograph, 1836

SIOUX BOYS, 1891. Three Lakota Sioux teenage boys in western clothing, sitting near a tree. Photographed in 1891 by John C.H. Grabill, probably on or near the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota

San Jose Mission is a Spanish Colonial Mission located in San Antonio, Texas. This historical Catholic church is recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site

LOUIS HENNEPIN (1640-1701). French missionary and explorer in America. Father Hennepin celebrating mass in the wilderness, c1680. Illustration, 1897, after Howard Pyle

JIM THORPE (1888-1953). James Francis Thorpe. American athlete. Oil over a photograph taken in 1911, when he was on the Carlisle Indian School football team

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1902. Classroom at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Oil over a photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1902

RED CLOUD (1822-1909). Oglala Sioux chief. Red Cloud (seated) with his son, Jack Red Cloud, and his granddaughter. Photograph, c1909

RED CLOUD (1822-1909). Native American Oglala Sioux chief. Photographed in 1880 in western dress while at the Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania

JIM THORPE (1888-1953). James Francis Thorpe. American athlete. Thorpe while on the Carlisle Indian School football team in 1911

POCAHONTAS (c1595-1617). Native American Princess. Oil on canvas by an unknown English artist, probably 18th century, after an engraving, 1616, by Simon van de Passe

LOUIS HENNEPIN (1640-1701). French missionary and explorer in America. Father Hennepin celebrating mass in the wilderness, c1680. Illustration, 1897, after Howard Pyle

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Female students playing croquet at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

NATIVE AMERICAN SCHOOL, c1910. A sewing class at the Bismarck Indian School, Bismarck, North Dakota. Photograph, c1910

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Debating class at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Infirmary at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Clothes mending class at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Ironing class at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Cooking class at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Elementary school class at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1901. Music class at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1901

CARLISLE SCHOOL, c1902. Classroom at the Carlisle, Pennsylvania Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, c1902

CARLISLE SCHOOL, 1900. Students at the Carlisle, Pennsylvania, Indian Industrial School. Photograph by Frances Benjamin Johnston, 1900

CARLISLE STUDENT, 1885. Tom Torlino, a Navajo Native American student at the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Photographed in 1885

CHEYENNE DELEGATION, 1899. Members of a Cheyenne-Arapaho delegation, three of whom are wearing peace medals awarded by the U.S

IROQUOIS CHIEF AND WARRIOR. A chief in European dress, a child, and a warrior scalping an enemy. Aquatint, c1787, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur

JOHN RIDGE (c1802-1839). Cherokee Native American leader. Lithograph, 1836, after a painting, 1825, by Charles Bird King

SIOUX DELEGATION, 1889. A delegation of Sioux chiefs sent to ratify the sale of lands in South Dakota to the United States government. Photographed in Washington, D.C. December 1889

PINE RIDGE RESERVATION. Small Oglala Sioux tipi camp in front of U.S. government school buildings on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota. Photographed in 1891 by John C.H. Grabill

AWBONNIE TOOKANKA (1847-1888). Also known as Aubony Stookaraka. Shoshone Native American woman; wife of American frontiersman and diplomat Granville Stuart. Photographed c1865

NAVAJO MAN, c1904. A policeman. Navajo man wearing a hat. Photograph by Edward Curtis, c1904

Native American students photographed after arriving at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Carlisle
CARLISLE SCHOOL STUDENTS. Native American students photographed after arriving at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, late 19th or early 20th century

LUTHER STANDING BEAR (1868-1939). Oglala Sioux Native American writer and actor. Photographed at Chicago, Illinois, c1891

POCAHONTAS & SMITH. Captain John Smith (1580-1631) and Pocahontas (1595?-1617). Wood engraving, American, 1877

JOHN SMITH AND POCAHONTAS. Captain John Smith (1580-1631) and Pocahontas (1595?-1617): American engraving, 1877

POCAHONTAS (1595?-1617). Native American princess. At about age 21. Line engraving from John Smiths Generall Historie of Virginia, 1624, after a painting of 1616

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Acculturation is a complex process that has shaped the course of history and continues to influence societies today. One example of this can be seen in the life of CETSHWAYO, the last Zulu King. As he navigated interactions with European colonizers, his culture underwent significant changes. In Xanthos, Turkey, we find evidence through various monuments. Inside a Pillar Tomb, one can sense the merging of different artistic styles and influences. The Pillar tomb itself stands as a testament to cultural exchange and adaptation over time. Similarly, the Xanthian Obelisk showcases how ideas from different civilizations blended together harmoniously. However, not all instances have been smooth or positive. An anti-immigration cartoon titled "Spoiling the Broth" from 1921 highlights tensions arising from large-scale immigration in America during that period. It criticizes immigrants for failing to assimilate into society's melting pot concept. The assimilation efforts faced by Native American communities are also worth mentioning when discussing acculturation. Sioux boys photographed in western clothing demonstrate attempts at incorporating indigenous individuals into mainstream American culture while Apache children arriving at Carlisle Indian Industrial School reveal forced assimilation practices prevalent during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. On another note, San Jose Mission serves as an embodiment of religious acculturation between Spanish missionaries and Native Americans in California. This mission represents both spiritual transformation and cultural blending as indigenous traditions merged with Catholicism. An ongoing phenomenon that shapes our world's social fabric by bringing diverse cultures together while challenging them to adapt and evolve simultaneously. Understanding its complexities helps us appreciate humanity's ability to embrace change while preserving unique identities throughout history.