Flax Collection

Scotlands Industrial Souvenir
Don Brothers, Buist and Company Limited - Flax and Jute Spinners and Manufacturers - Scotlands Industrial Souvenir 1905. Date: 1905

Advert, Baxter Brothers & Co, Dundee, Scotland
Advert for Baxter Brothers & Co Limited, Spinners and Manufacturers of Flax, Hemp and Jute, Dens Works, Dundee, Scotland. 1905

Phormium tenax, New Zealand flax
A watercolour commissioned by Sir Joseph Banks and sketched by Sydney Parkinson during the Endeavour Voyage. Parkinson died at sea before he could complete it

N. of Ireland Flax Spinning Industry, Reeling - a view of a girl operating a reeling machine in a spinning mill. (Location: Ireland). Date: circa early 1900s

Linum usitatissimum, flax
Illustration from the Botany Library Plate Collection held at the Natural History Museum, London

Blue flax, a native wildflower described by Meriwether Lewis, Montana
Linum lewisii, a native blue flax named for discoverer Meriwether Lewis, flowering near the Missouri River, Montana. Photograph

Tui, Parson Bird sucking nectar of flowering New Zealand Flax plant North Island, New Zealand
SAS-733 Tui, Parson Bird - sucking nectar of flowering New Zealand Flax (phormium tenax) plant North Island, New Zealand Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae Steffen & Alexandra Sailer Please note that

Marshalls Flax Mill, Leeds, Yorkshire 1843
Drawing heckled flax at Marshalls Flax Mill, Leeds. Female workers operate machines to create an even strip from the flax fibres that have previously been heckled, 1843

N. of Ireland Flax Spinning Industry, Drawing - an interior view of a machine for drawing flax in a spinning mill, this is a side view of the machine showing the belt drives. (Location: Ireland)

Fine Hand Hackling and Sorting Yarn in a Spinning Mill - an interior shot showing a man hackling flax by hand at a bench by a window. (Location: Ireland). Date: circa early 1900s

Irish Flax Spinning Industry, Spreadboard, Front View - as above but the front view of machine. (Location: Ireland). Date: circa early 1900s

N. of Ireland Flax Spinning Industry, Spreading (Back of Machine) - an interior shot of machines for spreading flax in a spinning mill. (Location: Ireland). Date: circa early 1900s

N. of Ireland Flax Spinning Industry, Bundling Yarn - a view of the spinning process where the yarn is bundled in a spinning mill. (Location: Ireland). Date: circa early 1900s

linseed, flax, linum usitatissimum
Sweden, Vastergotland, Kallandso, Field of cultivated flax, Linum Ustitatissimum, used to make cloth, linseed oil and cattle feed

Gold of pleasure, Camelina sativa
5855960 Gold of pleasure, Camelina sativa; (add.info.: Gold of pleasure, Camelina sativa. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora)

Scene from Sleeping Beauty (chromolitho)
8677393 Scene from Sleeping Beauty (chromolitho) by French School, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Scene from Sleeping Beauty: the princess wishing to try using a spindle)

Botanical board: medicinal plant: common flax (Common flax or Linseed or Linum usitatissimum)
IMB4917803 Botanical board: medicinal plant: common flax (Common flax or Linseed or Linum usitatissimum). Chromolithography around 1888; (add.info.: Botanical board: medicinal plant)

Noblewoman of Lorraine, wearing an eccentric high headdress of linen. Illustration from Cesare Vecellio's Habiti
FLO4705852 Noblewoman of Lorraine, wearing an eccentric high headdress of linen. Illustration from Cesare Vecellio's Habiti Antichi e moderni, Venice, 1590

A boy cutting flax stalks, 1850
3478722 A boy cutting flax stalks, 1850; (add.info.: Illustration depicting a boy cutting flax stalks into length for heckling during the production of linen)

Doubling flax yarn
2602763 Doubling flax yarn; (add.info.: Doubling flax yarn, Marshall's Flax Mill, Leeds, Yorkshire. Engraving, London, 1843.); Universal History Archive/UIG.

Linen manufacture
2602654 Linen manufacture; (add.info.: Linen manufacture, Flax spinning and preparing frame by P. Borrie of Dundee, Scotland. Engraving, Glasgow, 1888.); Universal History Archive/UIG.

Rippling flax to remove seeds, 1880 (engraving)
864021 Rippling flax to remove seeds, 1880 (engraving); (add.info.: Rippling flax to remove the seeds and remains of flower heads. In the background the flax plants are being pulled (harvested)

Flax, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving after an illustration by Richard Duppa from his The
FLO4617336 Flax, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving after an illustration by Richard Duppa from his The Claves and Orders of the Linnaean System of Botany, Longman, Hurst

Flaxseed - Common flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured zincograph by C. Chabot drawn by Miss M. A
FLO4600084 Flaxseed - Common flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured zincograph by C. Chabot drawn by Miss M. A

Flax variete - Mexican flax, Linum mexicanum. Handcoloured zincograph by C. Chabot drawn by Miss M. A
FLO4599658 Flax variete - Mexican flax, Linum mexicanum. Handcoloured zincograph by C. Chabot drawn by Miss M. A. Burnett from her " Plantae Utiliores

Flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum var. regale. Handcoloured lithograph from Louis van Houtte
FLO4629821 Flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum var. regale. Handcoloured lithograph from Louis van Houtte and Charles Lemaire's Flowers of the Gardens and Hothouses of Europe

Mechanical linen combing - engraving of "France industrielle" 1880
PCT4257534 Mechanical linen combing - engraving of "France industrielle" 1880; (add.info.: Mechanical linen combing - engraving of "France industrielle" 1880)

Linen tinting machine - engraving of " Industrial France" 1880
PCT4257515 Linen tinting machine - engraving of " Industrial France" 1880; (add.info.: Linen tinting machine - engraving of " Industrial France" 1880); © Patrice Cartier

Large-flowered flax (Linacees) - Linum grandiflorum (Botanical), 1855 - Emmanuel Le Maout - Organography
JAB4119610 Large-flowered flax (Linacees) - Linum grandiflorum (Botanical), 1855 - Emmanuel Le Maout - Organography and Taxonomy - Natural History of Plant Families and Principal Species -;

Flax grows. Coloured copper engraving, in Botanique Medicinale (published in Berlin, Germany)
FLO4642855 Flax grows. Coloured copper engraving, in Botanique Medicinale (published in Berlin, Germany, 1822) by Doctor Friedrich Gottlob Haynes (1763-1832), German botanist and pharmacist

Flax, Linum usitatissimum, and fairy flax, Linum catharticum
5855060 Flax, Linum usitatissimum, and fairy flax, Linum catharticum; (add.info.: Flax, Linum usitatissimum, and fairy flax, Linum catharticum)

France, Centre, Indre-et-Loire (37), Saint-Paterne-Racan (saint paterne racan): a farm, drying flax, 1900
LUX4777541 France, Centre, Indre-et-Loire (37), Saint-Paterne-Racan (saint paterne racan): a farm, drying flax, 1900; (add.info.: France, Centre, Indre-et-Loire (37)

Flax, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured lithograph by Hanhart after a botanical illustration by David Blair from Robert
FLO4986826 Flax, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured lithograph by Hanhart after a botanical illustration by David Blair from Robert Bentley and Henry Trimen's Medicinal Plants, London

Description of a bangle stem and a blue-flowered flax plant (Linum usitatissinum)
FLO4721085 Description of a bangle stem and a blue-flowered flax plant (Linum usitatissinum). Chromolithographie in " Recueil d'images instructives ou lecons du monde vegetal"

Flax (colour litho)
3116899 Flax (colour litho); (add.info.: Linum usitatissimum Kohler's Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen mit kurz erlauterndem Texte)

Linen manufacture
2602655 Linen manufacture; (add.info.: Linen manufacture, Flax spreading machine and roving machine by P. Borrie of Dundee, Scotland. Engraving, Glasgow, 1888.); Universal History Archive/UIG.

Botanical board: medicinal plant: common flax (Linum usitatissimum). Chromolithography around 1870
IMB4918105 Botanical board: medicinal plant: common flax (Linum usitatissimum). Chromolithography around 1870; (add.info.: Botanical board: medicinal plant: common flax (Linum usitatissimum)

Economy. Industry. The linen, from the harvest to the loom. Imagery, France, c.1900
2638873 Economy. Industry. The linen, from the harvest to the loom. Imagery, France, c.1900.; Private Collection; (add.info.: Economie. Imagerie, France, vers 1900. Coll. Part.); Photo © CCI.

Hackling Flax by hand, 1880 (engraving)
864020 Hackling Flax by hand, 1880 (engraving); (add.info.: Hackling Flax by hand. The stalks were broken apart by beating down on a metal comb)

Q for quenouille (spinner) (chromolitho)
8677331 Q for quenouille (spinner) (chromolitho) by French School, (19th century) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: Q for quenouille (spinner). Woman or girl with a distaff used in spinning

Wallflowers, Quechua, distaff and quay (chromolitho)
8677353 Wallflowers, Quechua, distaff and quay (chromolitho) by French School, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Q for quarantaine (wallflowers), Quechua, quenouille (distaff) and quay

Nude with white Sheet, 1937 (oil on canvas)
7332550 Nude with white Sheet, 1937 (oil on canvas) by Brusselmans, Jean (1884-1953); Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent, Belgium; (add.info.: Jean Brusselmans (1884-1953)

Workers using a hemp and flax scutching machine, 19th century, 1864
7125179 Workers using a hemp and flax scutching machine, 19th century, 1864; (add.info.: Workers using a hemp and flax scutching machine)

Workers shredding flax using a hackle or heckle, 19th century, 1864
7125178 Workers shredding flax using a hackle or heckle, 19th century, 1864; (add.info.: Workers shredding flax, 19th century)

Flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration by Walther Muller from Hermann
FLO4995330 Flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration by Walther Muller from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler

Dry linen loom - engraving of France Industrial 1880
PCT4257525 Dry linen loom - engraving of France Industrial 1880; (add.info.: Dry linen loom - engraving of France Industrial 1880); © Patrice Cartier. All rights reserved 2023.

Cahotage du lin - engraving of " La France industrielle" 1880
PCT4257511 Cahotage du lin - engraving of " La France industrielle" 1880; (add.info.: Cahotage du lin - engraving of " La France industrielle" 1880); © Patrice Cartier

Flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Dr
FLO4563995 Flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Dr. Willibald Artus' Hand-Atlas sammtlicher mediinisch-pharmaceutischer Gewachse

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"Discover the Versatility and Beauty of Flax: From Scotland to New Zealand" Flax, a remarkable plant with a rich history, has captured the attention of people worldwide. Originating from Linum usitatissimum, it has been cultivated for centuries by skilled craftsmen like Baxter Brothers & Co in Dundee, Scotland. This renowned company played a pivotal role in Scotland's industrial revolution. Scotlands Industrial Souvenir proudly showcases the significance as it became an essential part of daily life. Not only was it used for textiles but also for medicinal purposes due to its healing properties. Across oceans, Phormium tenax or New Zealand flax thrived in its native land. Its vibrant blooms attracted magnificent creatures like the Tui or Parson Bird that delighted in sucking nectar from these flowering plants on North Island. Meanwhile, Marshalls Flax Mill in Leeds, Yorkshire established itself as an iconic landmark since 1843. The mill exemplified fine hand hackling and sorting yarn techniques that elevated the quality products produced there. In Montana's wilderness, blue flax adorned landscapes and caught the eye of Meriwether Lewis during his explorations. This native wildflower added beauty to nature's canvas while serving as a reminder of our connection with history. The Northern Ireland Flax Spinning Industry flourished through meticulous processes such as drawing and spreading using specialized tools like spreadboards and bundles yarns skillfully for further production stages. From spinning mills to homespun creations, Irish artisans showcased their expertise through intricate designs woven into fabric made from this versatile fiber. The industry left no stone unturned when it came to producing high-quality linen products adored by many around the world. As we delve into the captivating world – be it its historical significance or diverse applications – we are reminded that this humble plant continues to inspire creativity and innovation across continents.