Fossil Man Collection

Stages in human evolution
Human evolution. Illustration showing stages in the evolution of humans. At left, proconsul (23-15 million years ago) is depicted hypothetically as an African ape with both primitive

Laetoli fossil footprints. Artwork showing the Laetoli footprints that were preserved in volcanic ash deposits around 3.5 million years ago. They were discovered in 1976 in Laetoli, Tanzania

Trail of Laetoli footprints
Trail of hominid footprints fossilized in volcanic ash. This 70 metre trail was found by Mary Leakeys expedition at Laetoli, Tanzania in 1978

Prehistoric spear-thrower. Artwork of how a spear-thrower (or atlatl) is used to throw a feathered dart. At top and centre, the dart is loaded. At bottom, it is being thrown

Female Australopithecus africanus, artists impression. A. Africanus was a bipedal hominid that lived between 3.5 and 2 million years ago

Scimitar cat attacking a hominid, artists impression. The scimitar cat (Homotherium sp.) was a member of the sabre-toothed cat family (Machairodontinae) which lived throughout Africa

Artwork of the stages in human evolution
Human evolution. Illustration showing stages in the evolution of humans. At left, proconsul (23-15 million years ago) is depicted hypothetically as an African ape with both primitive

Australopithecus afarensis, artwork
Australopithecus afarensis. Artwork of a female Australopithecus afarensis hominid with her child. This hominid lived between 3.9 and 2.9 million years ago

Footprints and skeleton of Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis). The fossilised bones of the A. afarensis specimen known as Lucy are superimposed over footprints made by the same species. A

Homo heidelbergensis. Artists impression of two male H. heidelbergensis hominids which lived between 600, 000 and 250, 000 years ago in the Pleistocene era

Sahelanthropus tchadensis skull. Artwork of a reconstruction of the Toumai skull, one of only a small number of fossils of the hominin Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Homo heidelbergensis skull and face of a male, artists impression. H. heidelbergensis lived between 600, 000 and 250, 000 years ago in the Pleistocene era

Model of Lucy, a young female Australopithecus afarensis hominid. The model was created from a cast of Lucys bones, and exhibited at the Kenya National Museum, Nairobi, Kenya

Female Homo habilis. Artists impression of a female Homo habilis holding her young and plucking fruit from a tree. H. habilis was an ancestor of modern humans that lived between around 2.1

Australopithecus boisei. Artists impression of the skull and head of an Australopithecus boisei, a hominid that lived in Africa between about 2.3 to 1.3 million years ago

Homo sp. skulls C016 / 5933
Side views of Homo erectus (Sangiran), H. heidelbergensis (Broken Hill), H. neanderthalensis, (La Ferrassie) and H. sapiens (Polynesia) skulls. Natural History Museum, London, UK

Olduvai Gorge landscape, Tanzania C015 / 6429
Olduvai Gorge landscape, Tanzania. This gorge (also called Oldupai Gorge) is famous for the fossils discovered here of extinct hominins that form part of the human evolutionary tree

Ardipithecus ramidus landscape. Artwork of Ardipithecus ramidus male and female hominids (right) climbing a fallen branch and standing in an African forest during the Pliocene. A

Flint hand-axe C013 / 6640
Flint hand-axe. This hand axe dates to the late Palaeolithic and was found in Farnham, Surrey, UK

Homo erectus skull. Artwork, from 1931, showing a reconstruction of the skull of Java Man, based on the fossil skull fragments (dark grey) discovered by Dubois in Java in 1891

Neanderthal landscape, artwork
Neanderthal landscape. Artwork showing a Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis, far right behind tree) watching grey wolves (Canis lupus, foreground)

Homo erectus cranium C013 / 6552
Cast of a Homo erectus cranium. The fossil this cast was taken from is known as Solo Man (Ngandong 1), and was found at Ngandong, close to the Solo River on the island of Java, Indonesia

Neanderthal woman, artwork. The bones of of her right hip joint are shown here. Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) inhabited Europe and western Asia between 230, 000 and 29, 000 years ago

Neanderthals hunting Irish elk, artwork. Group of Neanderthal hunters attacking a male Irish elk (Megaloceros giganteus). The Irish elk was one of the largest deer that ever lived

Homo heidelbergensis skull (Cranium 5) C015 / 6921
Homo heidelbergensis skull (Cranium 5). Excavated in 1992 from the Sima de los Huesos pit in the Atapuerca foothills in Spain, this fossil skull dates from around 400, 000 years ago

Homo ergaster. Model of a male Homo ergaster. H. ergaster was a hominid that emerged about 1.9 million years ago in Africa. It is considered to be an ancestor of later Homo populations. H

Australopithecus afarensis. Model of a male Australopithecus afarensis hominid. This hominid lived between 3.9 and 2.9 million years ago. Fossil specimens have only be found in eastern Africa

Male and female Homo habilis, artists impression. H. habilis was an ancestor of modern humans that lived between around 2.1 and 1.6 million years ago

Stages in female human evolution
Human evolution. Artwork of female apes and humans showing some of the stages in human evolution. At left, Proconsul sp. (23-17 million years ago)

Prehistoric hominin females, artwork. From left to right: Flores Man (Homo floresiensis), Cro-Magnon (European Early Modern Humans or EEMH, Homo sapiens sapiens)

Neolithic flint arrowheads C014 / 1033
Neolithic flint arrowheads. Stone-age flint arrowheads dating from around 8, 000 to 10, 000 years ago. These specimens were found in Mauritania, West Africa

Australopithecus africanus pelvis, STS-14 C015 / 6919
Australopithecus africanus pelvis (STS-14). This fossil specimen was discovered in 1947, in Sterkfontein, South Africa. The entire specimen consists of the pelvis, part of the vertebral column

Australopithecus africanus skull (STS-5) C015 / 6916
Australopithecus africanus skull. This is specimen STS-5, also known as Mrs Ples. It dates from around 2 million years ago and was discovered in Sterkfontein, South Africa, in 1947

Sima de los Huesos fossils C015 / 6587
Sima de los Huesos fossils. Researchers with a display of fossil bones of Homo heidelbergensis from the Sima de los Huesos (Pit of Bones) site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain

Cro-Magnon 1 fossil skull C016 / 5882
Cro-Magnon 1 fossil skull. Cast of a fossil of the skull of a male aged around 45 years of age. It dates from around 28, 000 years ago

Neanderthal couple, artwork C016 / 5791
Neanderthal couple, artwork. Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) inhabited Europe and western Asia between 230, 000 and 29, 000 years ago

Paranthropus boisei anatomy, artwork C013 / 9582
Paranthropus boisei anatomy. Artwork showing a reconstruction of the head of Paranthropus boisei (previously Australopithecus bosei), based on skull OH5 (top left) found at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Homo habilis hunting, artwork C013 / 6549
Homo habilis group using tools to share a kill, artwork. H. habilis is thought to have lived approximately 2 to 1.6 million years ago in East Africa

Cro-Magnon man reconstructed head C013 / 6464
Reconstruction of the head of Cro-Magnon man. Cro-Magnon is the earliest European example of Homo sapiens. Cro-Magnons lived between about 40, 000 and 10, 000 years ago, in the Upper Paleolithic

Early humans harvesting crops. Coloured artwork of Iron Age farming families harvesting and processing wheat. The wheat is being harvested in the background

Head of a model of a neanderthal man
Neanderthal man. Head of a model of a neanderthal man (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis). Neanderthals were early humans that lived in Europe and the Middle East about 120-30, 000 years ago

Neanderthal skull, muscles and head
Neanderthal heads (Homo neanderthalensis), artwork. The skull is at top, the facial musculature at centre and the head at bottom. Neanderthals had several physical differences to modern humans

Australopithecus africanus skeleton, artists impression. A. Africanus was a bipedal hominid that lived between 3.5 and 2 million years ago

Mummified heads
Mummified head and a skull surrounded by materials. Mummies such as this are found in several sites in the arid highlands of southern Peru, preserved by the extreme dryness

Neanderthal woman and man
Neanderthal man (Homo neanderthalensis) talking to a sitting elderly woman, artwork. Neanderthals were relatives of humans that inhabited Europe and western Asia between around 230, 000 and 29

Modern human. Model of an early human (Homo sapiens) or Cro-Magnon man. Cro-Magnon is the earliest European example of Homo sapiens

Neanderthal couple (Homo neanderthalensis), artwork. Neanderthals were relatives of humans that inhabited Europe and western Asia between around 230, 000 and 29, 000 years ago

Model of a neanderthal man in modern clothing
Neanderthal man. Model of a neanderthal man (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) dressed in modern clothing. Neanderthals were early humans that lived in Europe and the Middle East about 120- 30

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"Fossil Man: Unraveling the Enigmatic Journey of Human Evolution" Embarking on a captivating journey through time, we explore the remarkable story of "Fossil Man. " From the Trail of Laetoli footprints to the stages in human evolution, these ancient remnants offer glimpses into our distant past. Imagine witnessing early humans walking across volcanic ash some 6 million years ago – an awe-inspiring sight preserved by the Laetoli fossil footprints. These tracks, attributed to Australopithecus afarensis, reveal their bipedal nature and shed light on our evolutionary path. Delving deeper into prehistory, we encounter a fascinating artifact – a prehistoric spear-thrower. This tool showcases our ancestors' ingenuity and resourcefulness as they adapted to their environment for survival. Artwork depicting Australopithecus africanus provides us with vivid imagery of this female hominid species that once roamed Africa. Their existence offers valuable insights into our ancestral lineage and helps bridge gaps in understanding human evolution. Intriguingly, we stumble upon a scene frozen in time – a scimitar cat attacking a hominid. This artwork reminds us of the challenges faced by early humans as they navigated treacherous landscapes alongside formidable predators. Continuing along this enthralling expedition, we come across an artistic representation showcasing various stages in human evolution. Witnessing these transformations allows us to appreciate how far humanity has come from its humble beginnings. The footprints and skeleton of Lucy greet us next - one of the most significant discoveries ever made in paleoanthropology. As an Australopithecus afarensis specimen dating back over 3 million years, Lucy's remains provide invaluable clues about our shared ancestry with primates. Further unraveling mysteries buried deep within history is Sahelanthropus tchadensis skull - another pivotal find shedding light on our earliest ancestors.