"Hype: A Historical Perspective on Propaganda and Nationalism" Propaganda has always played a crucial role in shaping public opinion and fueling the flames of nationalism. From the trenches of World War I to the battlefields of World War II, powerful posters and illustrations have been used to evoke emotions, rally support, and instill a sense of unity among nations. In 1915, a striking poster urged France to pour its gold into the fight for victory. The alliance between France, Belgium, and England was depicted as an unbreakable bond against their common enemy. Similarly, Italian artist Gino Boccasile captured the camaraderie between Italians and Germans during the Spanish Civil War in 1936. His 1943 poster showcased the sacrifices made by Italian women who stood alongside combatants. However, propaganda hasn't always promoted harmony. In 1886's "La France Juive, " Edouard Drumont is portrayed as a knight defeating a Jew - an image that fueled anti-Semitic sentiments at the time. Even during World War II, propaganda took dark turns with an anti-American poster depicting black Americans pillaging churches. Italian artist Gino Boccasile continued his prolific career by creating thought-provoking pieces like "Tacete il nemico vi ascolta" (Silence. The enemy listens) in 1942. These images were designed to manipulate public perception while maintaining secrecy. Colonial ambitions also found their way into propaganda efforts. In 1911's lithograph from Le Petit Journal, it was proclaimed that France would bring civilization, wealth, and peace freely to Morocco—a clear reflection of imperialistic aspirations. The financial aspect of war couldn't be ignored either; loans became essential for funding military operations. Posters such as William Malherbe's illustration for French Bank for Trade and Industry encouraged citizens to subscribe to liberation loans in order to secure victory.