Mirror Writing Collection

Skull anatomy by Leonardo da Vinci. Historical artwork and notes on the anatomy of the human skull and teeth, by the Italian artist and scientist Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)

Drawing of human venous system (Leonardo da Vinci)
Venous system. Drawing of a " venous figure" by Leonardo da Vinci, taken from his Anatomical note- books. This standing figure with its expressive sad face shows the blood circulation

MS B 2173 fol. 83v Studies of an air screw, 1488-90 (pen and ink on paper) (see also 162317)
ALI271497 MS B 2173 fol. 83v Studies of an air screw, 1488-90 (pen and ink on paper) (see also 162317) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris

Studies of the Illumination of the Moon, fol. 1r from Codex Leicester, c
CH15834 Studies of the Illumination of the Moon, fol. 1r from Codex Leicester, c.1506-08 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Photo eChristies Images; Italian

Fol. 46v, from the Codex Forster III, 1480s-1494 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308781 Fol. 46v, from the Codex Forster III, 1480s-1494 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Victoria & Albert Museum, London, UK; Italian, out of copyright

Suggestions on how to construct a bastion at night, fol
XJF308767 Suggestions on how to construct a bastion at night, fol. 70r from Paris Manuscript B, 1488-90 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France

Design for a palace and park (Romorantin), fol. 270v from the Codex Arundel, c
XJF308761 Design for a palace and park (Romorantin), fol. 270v from the Codex Arundel, c.1517-18 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

Centralised church, and maritime engineering, Fol. 5v from Codex Ashburnham
XJF308751 Centralised church, and maritime engineering, Fol. 5v from Codex Ashburnham (formerly part of Manuscript B (2184), c.1488 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci

Weaponry designs, fol. 40v-a (pen and ink on paper)
XJF311643 Weaponry designs, fol. 40v-a (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

Technical drawings (pen & ink on paper)
XJF311618 Technical drawings (pen & ink on paper) by English School; Private Collection; English, out of copyright

Scientific diagrams, from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper)
XBP340122 Scientific diagrams, from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Photo eBoltin Picture Library; Italian

Sheet of studies of foot soldiers and horsemen in combat, and halbards
FTB360497 Sheet of studies of foot soldiers and horsemen in combat, and halbards, 1485-1488 (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Gallerie dell Accademia, Venice, Italy; Italian

Study of the different Aerodynamic qualities of varying forms with a sketch of a Man
BIF161926 Study of the different Aerodynamic qualities of varying forms with a sketch of a Man and two Birds, Ms 7 (brown chalk on paper) by Vinci

Paris Manuscript B, fol. 83v: Page of text and sketches for a flying machine
BIF162317 Paris Manuscript B, fol. 83v: Page of text and sketches for a flying machine, 1488-90 (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris

Design for a dredger and various hydraulic machines, fol
BIF161932 Design for a dredger and various hydraulic machines, fol. 75v and 76r from Paris Manuscript E, 1513-14 (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci

Scientific diagrams, from the Codex Leicester
XBP340121 Scientific diagrams, from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper) (detail of 240120) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519)

Diagram of a Mechanical Bolt (pen and ink on paper)
XJF311637 Diagram of a Mechanical Bolt (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

Architectural sketch for an Ideal City, fol. 16 (recto) from Paris Manuscript B
BIF267170 Architectural sketch for an Ideal City, fol. 16 (recto) from Paris Manuscript B, 1488-90 (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France

Sheet of studies of foot soldiers and horsemen in combat, and halbards
XJF311684 Sheet of studies of foot soldiers and horsemen in combat, and halbards, 1485-1488 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Gallerie dell Accademia, Venice, Italy; Italian

Ms B 2173 fol. 74r Studies of wing articulation, 1487-90 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308791 Ms B 2173 fol. 74r Studies of wing articulation, 1487-90 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris, France; Italian

Fol. 20r from Paris Manuscript B, 1488-90 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308778 Fol. 20r from Paris Manuscript B, 1488-90 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris, France; Italian, out of copyright

Astronomical diagrams, fol. 2r from the Codex Leicester
XJF308795 Astronomical diagrams, fol. 2r from the Codex Leicester, 1508-1512 (pen & ink on paper) (b/w photo) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

Design for a church, fol. 4r (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308759 Design for a church, fol. 4r (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

MS B 2173, folio 74v: Study for a flying machine, 1487-1490 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308754 MS B 2173, folio 74v: Study for a flying machine, 1487-1490 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); 23.2x16.5 cm; Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris

Page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF311617 Page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

Ms B fol. 89r Take-off and landing gear for a flying machine, 1487-90 (pen & ink on paper)
ALI271496 Ms B fol.89r Take-off and landing gear for a flying machine, 1487-90 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); 23.2x16.5 cm; Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris

A page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper)
XBP340118 A page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; (add.info)

Studies of the Illumination of the Moon, A page from the Codex Leicester
XBP340119 Studies of the Illumination of the Moon, A page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper) by Vinci

Study of Two Heads in Profile and Studies of Machines (pen & ink on paper)
AII80164 Study of Two Heads in Profile and Studies of Machines (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Gabinetto dei Disegni e Stampe, Galleria Degli Uffizi, Florence, Tuscany

Detail of fol. 2r, from the Codex Leicester, showing the outer luminosity of the moon
CH15826 Detail of fol. 2r, from the Codex Leicester, showing the outer luminosity of the moon (lumen cinerum), 1508-1512 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci

A page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper)
XBP341805 A page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Photo eBoltin Picture Library; Italian, out of copyright

Scientific diagrams, from the Codex Leicester
XBP340123 Scientific diagrams, from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper) (detail of 227791) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519)

A page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper)
XBP340117 A page from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (sepia ink on linen paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; (add.info)

Head of an Old Man in Profile, facsimile copy (pen and ink on paper)
CHT231134 Head of an Old Man in Profile, facsimile copy (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519) (after); Bibliotheque des Arts Decoratifs, Paris

Astronomical diagrams, from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF311616 Astronomical diagrams, from the Codex Leicester, 1508-12 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

Design for a church, fol. 4r (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308758 Design for a church, fol. 4r (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Private Collection; Italian, out of copyright

Study for a Fortress on a Polygonal Ground Plan with a Double Moat, fol
XCF307351 Study for a Fortress on a Polygonal Ground Plan with a Double Moat, fol. 116r from the Codex Atlanticus, 1504-8 (pen & Indian ink on paper) by Vinci

Fol. 45r, from the Codex Forster III, 1480s-1494 (pen and ink on paper)
XJF308780 Fol. 45r, from the Codex Forster III, 1480s-1494 (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Victoria & Albert Museum, London, UK; Italian, out of copyright

Fol. 54r from Paris Manuscript B, 1488-90 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308779 Fol. 54r from Paris Manuscript B, 1488-90 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris, France; Italian, out of copyright

Detail of a design for a flying machine, c. 1488 (pen & ink on paper)
XJF308762 Detail of a design for a flying machine, c.1488 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris, France; Italian, out of copyright

Studies for stables, Folio 39r, from Paris Manuscript B 2173
XJF308756 Studies for stables, Folio 39r, from Paris Manuscript B 2173, 1487-90 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris, France; Italian

Detail of a Centralised church, c. 1488 (pen & ink and wash over black chalk)
XJF308752 Detail of a Centralised church, c.1488 (pen & ink and wash over black chalk) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Institut de France, Paris, France; (add.info.: detail of 308751; ); Italian

Paris Manuscript E, fol. 53v and 54r: Sketch depicting the flight of birds
BIF267171 Paris Manuscript E, fol. 53v and 54r: Sketch depicting the flight of birds, 1513-14 (pen and ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris

Staircase, fol. 15v, and Architectural sketch for an Ideal City, fol
BIF137909 Staircase, fol. 15v, and Architectural sketch for an Ideal City, fol. 16r, from Paris Manuscript B, 1488-90 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci

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"Unlocking the Secrets of Mirror Writing: A Journey through Leonardo da Vinci's Manuscripts" Leonardo da Vinci, renowned for his artistic genius, also left behind a treasure trove of scientific and anatomical studies. Among these remarkable works are his mirror writings, which have fascinated scholars for centuries. One such example is "Skull Anatomy, " where da Vinci meticulously dissected and sketched the intricacies of the human skull. His mirror writing technique adds an element of mystery to these drawings, as if inviting us to delve deeper into his mind. In another masterpiece called "Drawing of Human Venous System, " da Vinci explores the complex network of veins in our bodies. The mirrored text challenges us to decipher its meaning and appreciate the depth of his knowledge. Moving beyond anatomy, we encounter sketches like "Studies of an Air Screw. " This pen and ink drawing showcases da Vinci's visionary ideas on flight technology. The mirrored script adds an enigmatic touch to this glimpse into his innovative mind. Da Vinci's fascination with understanding life extends to organs like the heart and female sexual organs. Through facsimile copies, we can witness his meticulous observations rendered in pen and ink. The mirror writing seems almost intentional, as if he wanted to preserve these intimate details exclusively for himself. But it doesn't stop there – from depictions of coition between man and woman to views inside a womb showing fetal development – da Vinci leaves no stone unturned when it comes to exploring human existence. These facsimiles captivate us with their intricate details while leaving us pondering over their hidden meanings conveyed through reverse script. Yet not all mirror writings revolve around biology; some delve into celestial mysteries too. In "Studies on Illumination of the Moon, " folio 1r from Codex Leicester reveals Leonardo's keen interest in lunar illumination patterns that still intrigue astronomers today. The Codex Forster III offers yet another intriguing piece titled "Fol. 46v.