Theory Collection (page 9)

Max Planck (1858-1947) German theoretical physicist. Quantum Theory. Nobel prize for physics, 1918

Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828), German physician and founder of Phrenology, c1790. The theory that different mental powers are governed by particular regions of the brain which can be recognised by

Girolamo Frascatoro (Hieronymus Fracastorius) c1478-1553. Italian physician, poet and astronomer. Germ theory of disease. Best remembered for work in rhyme describing Syphilis Syphilis sive morbus

John Dalton (1766-1844) English chemist. In 1794 described colour blindness (Daltonism) from which both he and his brother suffered

Phrenology: measuring bumps on boys head to assess his future. On wall is picture of Gall (1757-1828) founder of the theory that shape of skull related to intellectual capacity and behaviour

Diagram of continental drift from an article by Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)on his theory of Continental Drift (Wegener Hypothesis: 1915) published in Discovery, London, 1922

James Hutton (1726-1797) Scottish-born geologist who published his expanded long time scale theory of geology in 1795. Uniformitarianism. Engraving after portrait by Raeburn

Richard Owen (1804-1892) English anatomist and paleontologist. He coined the word dinosaur (terrible lizard) in 1841. Opposed Darwins theory of natural selection

Hippolyte Fizeau (1819-1896) French physicist. Measured the velocity of light on the earths surface (1849). Used Doppler principle to determine velocity of stars in line of sight

John Dalton (1766-1844) British chemist, born near Cockermouth, Cumbria. In 1794 he described colour blindness (Daltonism) from which both he and his brother suffered

Alfred Russell Wallace (1823-1913) c1895. Welsh naturalist whose memoir, which Darwin saw in 1858, caused Darwin to modify his theory of evolution

Thomas Young (1773-1829) English physicist and Egyptologist. Undulatory (wave) theory of light. Deciphering of Rosetta Stone. Wood engraving

Johann I (Jean) Bernoulli (1667-1748) a member of the Swiss family of mathematicians. Worked on analysis, calculus, celestial mechanics and mechanics

Giraffe browsing. French naturalist Lamarck considered giraffe illustrated his Transformism theory of evolution by acquired characteristics. Chromolithograph c1885

HMS Beagle laid ashore: River Santa Cruz. It was during his voyage as naturalist on Beagle Charles Darwin (1809-1882) made observations that helped form his theory of evolution

George-Louis Leclerc Buffon (1707-1778) French naturalist, author of 44 volume Histoire Naturelle. Proposed earth older than 4004 BC: precursor of theory of evolution

Giraffe browsing on tree. Jean Lamarck (1744-1829) French naturalist, considered the giraffe illustrated his Transformism (inheritance of acquired characteristics) theory of evolution

Nicolas Copernicus (1473-1543) Polish astronomer. Spread of his De revolutionibus orbium coelestium Nuremberg 1543, showing diagram of his heliocentric (sun-centred) theory of the universe

Jean Lamarck (1744-1829) French naturalist. Transformism theory of evolution (inheritance of acquired characteristics). Obverse of commemorative medal

Christiaan Huyghens (1629-1695) Dutch physicist. Pendulum clock: Wave theory of light. From Alexandre Saverien Histoire des Philosophes Modernes, 2nd edition, Paris, 1762. Engraving

Christiaan Huyghens (1629-1695) Dutch physicist. Pendulum clock: Wave theory of light. Three-quarter length portrait engraving. 18th century

William Bateson (1861-1926) British geneticist. After photograph published 1914 when President of British Association for the Advancement of Science

Christiaan Huyghens (1629-95) Dutch physicist. Pendulum clock: Wave theory of light. Portrait from obverse of commemorative medal

Robert Hooke (1635 - 1703) English scientist. Title page of a 1745 edition of his work Micrographia, detailing his observations through various lenses

Joseph Black (1728-1799) Scottish chemist, born in Bordeaux, France, son of a wine merchant. Professor of chemistry at Glasgow University. In 1757 he isolated carbon dioxide

Eduard Suess (1831-1914) Austrian geologist, born in London. He proposed the previous existence of an old supercontinent which he named Gondwanaland (1861) and the Tethys ocean

Georg Ernst Stahl (1660-1734) German chemist and medical theorist. Proposed the phlogiston theory of combustion. Engraving from his Opusculum Chymico-physico-medicum (1715)

Doctrine of the Signatures, the theory of medicine that like cures like. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5: Various varieties of Amaranthus. Divers suppose the flowers of these plants doe helpe to stay the fluxe of

William Barton Rogers (1804-1882) American geologist. With his brother Henry he proposed a wave theory of mountains, based on their work on the Appalachian chain

Fine Arts, " harvey Demonstrating To Charles I. His Theory Of The Circulation Of The Blood" Painted By R. Hannah

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Alfred Adler (1870-1937) Austrian psychiatrist: member of group around Freud until he broke away in 1911 and developed theory of Individual Psychology

Coral reef surrounding a lagoon. Slow accumulation of substance from generations of corals was a phenomenon which Darwin used to support they theory of a long geological timescale

Coral Reef: hand coloured engraving published 1849. Time taken for building of coral reefs and islands was a proof used by Charles Darwin to support the theory of a long geological timescale

Giant Land Tortoises of the Galapagos Islands. Charles Darwins study of the fauna of the Islands contributed to his theory of evolution. Wood engraving published 1884

Four or the species of finch observed by Darwin
Darwins Finches. Four or the species of finch observed by Darwin on the Galapagos Islands, showing variation of beak.The study of the flora of the Islands contributed to Charles Darwins theory of

Man is but a worm. Cartoon from Punch, London, 6 December 1881
Man is but a worm. Cartoon from " Punch", London, 6 December 1881, the year in which Darwin published " The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the action of Worms"

Iguana, the great herbivorous sea lizard of the Galapagos Islands. Charles Darwins study of the fauna of the islands contributed to his theory of evolution. Wood engraving c1890

Coral reef creating a lagoon. From Charles Darwin " The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs", London, 1842

Coral island and circling coral reef creating a lagoon. From Charles Darwin " The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs", London, 1842

Darwinism: everyday proof of mans origins. Cartoon from " Punch" (London, 1861). Wood engraving

Pigeons used by Charles Darwin at Down House, near Beckenham, Kent, England, during his work on his theory of descent. Wood engraving, 1887

Niels Henrik David Bohr (1885-1962) Danish physicist. Quantum Theory. Nobel prize for physics 1922

John Dalton (1766-1844) English chemist. Daltons table of Atomic symbols from a lecture delivered by him at the Manchester Mechanics Institution, October 1835

Superstrings, conceptual artwork F007 / 9909
Superstrings, conceptual computer artwork. The superstring theory is a Theory of Everything (Grand Unification Theory), which seeks to unite gravitational force with the other fundamental forces

Superstrings, conceptual artwork F007 / 9917
Superstrings, conceptual computer artwork. The superstring theory is a Theory of Everything (Grand Unification Theory), which seeks to unite gravitational force with the other fundamental forces

Superstrings, conceptual artwork F007 / 9918
Superstrings, conceptual computer artwork. The superstring theory is a Theory of Everything (Grand Unification Theory), which seeks to unite gravitational force with the other fundamental forces

Superstrings, conceptual artwork F008 / 3383
Superstrings, conceptual artwork

String theory, conceptual artwork
String theory, conceptual computer artwork

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"Theory: Unveiling the Hidden Patterns of the Universe" From ancient times to modern scientific breakthroughs, theories have shaped our understanding of the world. A histological diagram of a mammalian retina reveals intricate structures that support the theory of vision. Mendeleyev's periodic table, created in 1869, laid the foundation for understanding elements and their properties. Richard Feynman, a brilliant physicist depicted in a caricature, contributed to quantum mechanics and explained complex concepts with his unique approach. The standard periodic table showcases various element types discovered over centuries. The bust of Claudius Galen reminds us of his influential medical theories during ancient Rome. An artwork depicting the universe timeline takes us on an awe-inspiring journey through cosmic evolution. A geological unconformity on the river Jed hints at Earth's dynamic nature and supports theories about plate tectonics. Starlight bent by the Sun's attraction highlights Einstein's theory of general relativity, revolutionizing our perception of gravity. Dalton's table of atomic symbols from 1835 provides insights into early attempts to understand matter at its fundamental level. Continental drift maps demonstrate how continents have shifted over millions of years due to plate tectonics. The concept of multiple universes challenges conventional thinking and expands our imagination beyond what we can observe directly. Theories continue to push boundaries and inspire new discoveries as humanity strives to unravel the mysteries surrounding us. In this captivating collage, we witness how theories connect seemingly disparate fields - from biology and chemistry to physics and geology - offering glimpses into profound truths that shape our existence in this vast universe.