Westernization Collection (page 5)

JAPAN: YOKOHAMA, 1861. View of the harbor at Yokohama. Woodblock print, 1861, by Ando Hiroshige

JAPAN: PERRY EXPEDITION. Gifts brought to Japan by the American expedition under Commoder Matthew Perry. Color drawing, Japanese, 1854

JAPAN: PERRYs OFFICERS. Officers of the fleet of Matthew Perry. From left: Perrys son, Captain Abbot, interpreters Portman and Williams, Captain Adams, and Commodore Perry

JAPAN: PERRY EXPEDITION. Two of the ships in Commodore Matthew Perrys expedition to Japan, 1852-1854. The ship at left is the USS Powhatan. Japanese paper screen, 1854, by an unknown artist

TOKYO: STREET SCENE, c1870. Woodblock print, c1870

SINO-JAPANESE WAR, 1895. Japanese troops invade the North China peninsula. Woodblock print, triptych, 1895, by Kobayashi Kiyochika

JAPAN: CONSTITUTION, 1889. The Meiji Emperor Mutsuhito presents the Constitution of the Empire of Japan. Woodblock print, triptych, 1889, by Yoshu Shuen

JAPAN: SEWING MACHINES. Japanese women sewing Western-style dresses. Woodblock print, triptych, 1897, by Shosai Ginko

JAPAN: TRADE FAIR, 1877. Meiji emperor and empress at the First Industrial Fair, Tokyo. Woodblock print, triptych, 1877, by Kawanabe Gyosai

JAPAN: ETCHU, c1870. Imperial soldiers training on the island of Etchu off the Fukagawa district, Tokyo, Japan. Woodblock print by Ando Hiroshige II or III, c1870

EDO: STREET RAILWAY, c1870. Woodblock print, c1870, by Ando Hiroshige

JAPAN: RAILROAD, 1872. View of railroad station (with train schedule at top) on line connecting Yokohama and Tokyo. Woodblock print, 1872, by Ando Hiroshige

TOKYO: NIHONBASHI, 1870. Wooden bridge over the Nihonbashi River, Tokyo. Woodblock print, 1870, by Ichimoso Hoko

JAPAN: EDO, c1875. Western-style architecture and costume in Edo, Japan. Woodblock print, c1875, by Ando Hiroshige

JAPAN: TOKAIDO ROAD, c1870. Telegraph wires are strung on living trees in this view of the Tokaido Road between Tokyo and Kyoto. Woodblock print, c1871, by Ando Hiroshige

JAPAN: TOKUGAWA SOLDIERS. Foreigners watch as soldiers of the Tokugawa Shogunate leave for an unsuccessful attack against forces of the daimyo of Chosu. Woodblock print, 1865, by Chokaro Hoki

JAPAN: MILITARY TRAINING. Soldiers of the Tokugawa Shogunate in feudal regalia shoot a cannon. Woodblock print, tryptich, c1867, by Gountei Teishu

JAPAN: AMERICANS, 1861. American mother and father in Japan; man holds a Western watch, which at this time were new to the country and very popular. Woodblock print, Japanese, 1861

JAPAN: AMERICANS, 1861. Woodblock print, Japanese, 1861

JAPAN: YOKOHAMA, c1860. Parade of foreigners in Yokohama. Woodblock print, c1860, by Gountei Teishu

JAPAN: RECEPTION, c1860. Reception at the Castle of Shui, Japan. Lithograph, c1860

ENGLISH IN JAPAN, 1867. The reception in Osaka of the British Minister, Sir Harry Smith Parkes, by Hitotsubashi, last Shogun of Japan. Wood engraving from an English newspaper of 1867

SUN YAT-SEN (1866-1925). Chinese statesman and revolutionary leader. The first Chinese Republican cabinet, before Sun Yat-Sen resigned as provisional president, 1912

INDIA: FAMILY PORTRAIT, c1890. Portrait of a Parsi family in India. Photographed, c1890

JAPANESE / U. K. DELEGATION. Japanese Emperor Mutsuhito receives the Duke of Connaught
JAPANESE/U.K. DELEGATION. Japanese Emperor Mutsuhito receives the Duke of Connaught and British delegation, 1906. Contemporary Japanese print

JAPAN: SKYSCRAPER, 1890. Tokyos first skyscraper, the Ryounkaku, with Japans first elevator. Woodblock print, 1890

JAPANESE KABUKI, 1879. With actors in Western dress: Japanese woodblock print, 1879

SINO-JAPANESE WAR, 1894. Contemporary Japanese print of their victorious war with China in Korea, 1894

THE SECOND LAHORE DURBAR, 1846: contemporary Sikh gouache

INDIA: SIKH RAILWAY, c1870. A Sikh railway which includes a purdah carriage for women and children. Popular Lahore or Amritsar woodcut, c1870

JAPAN: NAGASAKI HARBOR. Foreign Steamships in Nagasaki harbor: Japanese Bai-oban color prints, c1850

CHINA: BOXER REBELLION. Russian sailors defending a barricade before the Peking legation. Drawing, 1900

CHINA: BOXER REBELLION. Fighting on the ramparts of Peking. Drawing, 1900

CHINA: BOXER REBELLION. Charge of the Japanese cavalry among the bamboos outside Tientsin, China. Contemporary drawing by Richard Caton Woodville

SINO-JAPANESE WAR, 1894. Visiting Japanese warship Akagi at Nagasaki Harbor, following the Battle of the Yalu River on the China-Korea border. English illustration, 1894

SINO JAPANESE WAR, 1895. Japanese soldiers, using bamboo as a screen, while attacking Chinese troops who appear to be caught off guard. Japanese woodcut, 1895

RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, c1905. A Japanese field battery firing shells on the Russian Forts at Port Arthur, China, during the Russo-Japanese War. Stereograph, c1905

RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, c1904. Russian troops retreating from Japanese forces during the Russo-Japanese War. Illustration

KOMURA & TAKAHIRA, 1905. Japanese Barons Komura Jutaro and Takahira Kogoro, sightseeing in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1905, while negotiating the Treaty of Portsmouth to end the Russo-Japanese War

RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, c1904. Japanese soldiers in a large trench in Manchuria, China. Stereograph, c1904

RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, 1905. Japanese and Russian soldiers at a fortified position (probably Russian) near Port Arthur, China. Sterograph, 1905

RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, 1905. Victorious Japanese crossing the harbor to Tiger Tail, after the surrender of Russian forces at Port Arthur on 2 January 1905. Stereograph, 1905

JAPAN: WOMEN CHAUFFEURS. The first women chauffeurs in Japan. Photograph, c1911

BANGKOK: ORIENTAL HOTEL. View from the river of the Oriental Hotel in Bangkok, Thailand (then Siam). Drawing, late 1880s

ASIA: HOTEL, c1915. A luxury hotel in Hong Kong, possibly named the Hong Kong Hotel. A line of sedan chairs are at the curb. Photograph, late 19th century

CHINA: BICYCLISTS, c1900. Women bicyclists on a street in China. Watercolor, Ching Dynasty, c1900

LUGGAGE LABEL, c1900. Raffles Hotel, Singapore

RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, c1906. The Mikados soldiers behind a entrenchment, Manchuria, China. Stereograph, c1906

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"Westernization: A Journey of Cultural Transformation" In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan found itself at a crossroads, torn between tradition and progress. The woodcut by Kiyochika Kobayashi depicts a powerful metaphor of this struggle, with a whale representing Western influence devouring three fish symbolizing Japan's sailors. It captures the impact of Western ideas on Japanese society during this transformative era. The Boxer Rebellion in 1900 marked another significant moment in Japan's path towards modernization. British and Japanese troops joined forces to confront the Boxers in Tianjin, showcasing their growing military prowess as they engaged in battle together. This collaboration reflected Japan's increasing alignment with Western powers. Ueno Park became an emblematic stage for change during the Second National Industrial Exhibition of 1881. Woodblock prints from that time vividly depict the exhibition's grandeur, highlighting technological advancements brought about by embracing Western industrial practices. These displays showcased Japan's determination to catch up with its Western counterparts. Emperor Mutsuhito played a crucial role in guiding his nation through these tumultuous times. As depicted in historical imagery, he personally handed flags to his troops—a symbolic gesture representing unity and loyalty towards embracing Western ideals while preserving Japanese traditions. However, not all views were supportive of this transformational journey. American cartoonist D. R Fitzpatrick captured concerns over Japan's expansionism into Asia through his piece "Piece by Piece. " It foreshadowed the second Sino-Japanese War while reflecting anxieties surrounding territorial ambitions fueled by adopting Western ways. Meanwhile, China also experienced its own clash with modernity during the Boxer Rebellion when Japanese troops burst through gates to engage their opponents head-on—an event that further highlighted how different nations grappled with similar challenges posed by globalization. The Russo-Japanese War of 1905 proved pivotal for both countries involved; it was fought fiercely until President Theodore Roosevelt's peacemaking efforts brought about an end.