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The Sarcophagus of Constantina. Red porphyry. 4th century
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The Sarcophagus of Constantina. Red porphyry. 4th century
The Sarcophagus of Constantina decorated with winged erotes who are harvesting grapes and making wine, along with sheep, peacocks and doves. Red porphyry. Sculpted around 340 AD. Pio-Clementino Museum. Vatican Museums. Vatican City
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Media ID 14331942
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Burial Carved Coffin Constantine Cupid Garland Grape Harvest Harvesting Monumental Peacock Porphyry Sarcophagus Sculpted Sheep Vineyard Wine Constantina
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EDITORS COMMENTS
1. Title: The Sarcophagus of Constantina: A Testament to Ancient Roman Art and Culture The Sarcophagus of Constantina, a stunning work of ancient Roman art, is a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the Roman Empire. Dated around 340 AD, this magnificent red porphyry sarcophagus is currently housed in the Pio-Clementino Museum of the Vatican Museums in Vatican City, Italy. The exterior of the sarcophagus is intricately decorated with reliefs that depict various figures, animals, and motifs, reflecting the opulence and sophistication of the Roman age. The central theme of the decoration is a series of winged Erotes, or Cupids, who are engaged in the process of harvesting grapes and making wine. This scene symbolizes the bountiful harvest and the joyous celebration of life and abundance. Surrounding the central scene are figures of sheep, peacocks, and doves, which are often associated with the themes of fertility, renewal, and prosperity. The vineyard motif, with its garlands and grapes, further emphasizes the importance of agriculture and the role it played in the ancient Roman society. The figures on the sarcophagus are carved in high relief, with great attention to detail and precision. The red porphyry material, a prized and expensive stone, adds to the monumental scale and grandeur of the sarcophagus. The Sarcophagus of Constantina is believed to have been created for a noblewoman named Constantina, possibly a daughter of the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great. The Sarcophagus of Constantina is a significant historical artifact that provides valuable insights into the artistic, cultural, and social practices of the ancient Roman world. Its intricate decoration, exquisite craftsmanship, and historical significance make it a must-see attraction for visitors to the Vatican Museums and a source of inspiration for scholars and artists alike.
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