Ionising X-ray spectroscope C016 / 3689
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Ionising X-ray spectroscope C016 / 3689
X-ray crystallography. An early design of X-ray spectroscope made in the 1910s. A beam of X-rays passes through a collimator and slit (left), hits the sample (centre) and is diffracted towards a detector (right). The detector contains a gas with a voltage applied across it - the passage of X-rays ionises atoms in the gas allowing the passage of a current proportional to the X-ray intensity. The angle of diffraction and the intensity of the X-rays is related to the structure of the crystal being studied. This apparatus was used by W.H. and W.L. Bragg during their pioneering research on crystallography and is preserved at the Royal Institution, London
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Media ID 9204011
© ROYAL INSTITUTION OF GREAT BRITAIN / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
1900s 1915 20th Apparatus Artefact Century Chamber Crystal Crystallography Detector Diffraction Exhibit Exhibition Experiment Experimental Institution Instrument Ionising Item London Museum Object Royal Slit Spectroscopy Structural Twentieth X Rays Bragg Laboratory Spectroscope
EDITORS COMMENTS
This print showcases the Ionising X-ray spectroscope C016 / 3689, an early design of X-ray crystallography apparatus from the 1910s. The intricate instrument, now a historical artifact preserved at the Royal Institution in London, played a pivotal role in pioneering research on crystallography by W. H. and W. L. Bragg. The image captures the essence of this groundbreaking equipment with precision. On the left side, we see a beam of X-rays passing through a collimator and slit before hitting the central sample. As these powerful rays interact with the crystal structure being studied, they are diffracted towards a detector on the right-hand side. What makes this spectroscope truly remarkable is its ability to measure X-ray intensity through ionization. The detector contains gas that has voltage applied across it; as atoms within the gas become ionized by passing X-rays, current flows proportionally to their intensity. This photograph not only highlights an important scientific instrument but also provides insight into early 20th-century experimental techniques used in physics laboratories. It serves as a reminder of how far our understanding of structural analysis has come since then. Displayed within an exhibit or exhibition setting, this print would undoubtedly captivate viewers with its fusion of history and science – offering them a glimpse into one of humanity's great leaps forward in deciphering nature's hidden secrets through crystallography and spectroscopy techniques.
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