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Framed Print of Animal biology. Biology; Zoology; Physiology

Animal biology. Biology; Zoology; Physiology. DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY 447 Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), the most famous pupil of Plato and dissenter from his School, represents the highwater mark of the Greek students of nature and is justly called the Father of Natural History. Although Aristotle's contributions to biology are numer- ous, perhaps of most significance is the fact that he took a broad survey of the existing data and welded them into a science. He did this by relying, to a considerable extent, on the direct study of organisms and by insisting that the only true path of advance lies. Animal biology. Biology; Zoology; Physiology. DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY 447 Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), the most famous pupil of Plato and dissenter from his School, represents the highwater mark of the Greek students of nature and is justly called the Father of Natural History. Although Aristotle's contributions to biology are numer- ous, perhaps of most significance is the fact that he took a broad survey of the existing data and welded them into a science. He did this by relying, to a considerable extent, on the direct study of organisms and by insisting that the only true path of advance lies in accurate observation and description. The observational method and its very modern development, the laboratory method of biolog-. Fig. 288. - - Aristotle. ical study, find their first great exponent in Aristotle. But mere observation without interpretation is not science. Aristotle's gen- eralizations based on the facts accumulated and his elaboration of broad philosophical conceptions of organisms give to his biolog- ical works their lasting significance. (Fig. 288.) While Aristotle's biological investigations were devoted chiefly to animals, his pupil and co-worker, Theophrastus (370-286 B.C.), made profound studies on plants. Theophrastus not only laid the foundations but also gave suggestions of much of the super- structure of botany; an achievement which entitles him to rank as the first great student of plant science. (Fig. 289.) Before leaving the Greeks we must mention Hippocrates. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Woodruff, Lorande Loss, 1879-1947. New York The Macmillan company. © Library Book Collection

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