1455 1485 Collection

Choosing The Red and White Roses in the Temple Garden, 1910. Creator: Henry Payne
Choosing The Red and White Roses in the Temple Garden, 1910

Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI, (1792). Margaret of Anjou (1429-1482) married Henry VI of England in 1445. The mental instability of Henry meant that Margaret effectively led

Queen Margaret placing a paper crown on the head of the Duke of York, c1450-c1460 (18th century(?)). Artist: Brown
Queen Margaret placing a paper crown on the head of the Duke of York, c1450-c1460 (18th century(?)). Margaret of Anjou (1430-1482), Queen Consort of Henry VI of England with Richard Plantagenet

The Battle of Towton, 29 March 1461, (c1920). The Battle of Towton (1461) took place near Towton in Yorkshire and was one of the bloodiest ever battles fought in Britain

Map of the Wars of the Roses, 15th century (1893). The Wars of the Roses was a civil war fought over the throne of England between adherents of the House of Lancaster and the House of York

Edward IV, 15th century King of England, c1540. A Plantagenet of the Yorkist line, Edward (1442-1483) came to the throne in 1461

Field of Battle (in a fog) near Barnet, . Artist: John Leech
Field of Battle (in a fog) near Barnet, c1860, (c1860). The Battle of Barnet was a decisive engagement in the Wars of the Roses

Warwick the Kingmaker, 15th century English nobleman and soldier, (1893)
Warwick the King aker, 15th century English nobleman and soldier, (1893). Warwick (1428-1471) in armour holding a shield and sword

Carreg Cennen Castle, c1870. Carreg Cennen Castle on a limestone precipice in the Brecon Beacons above the River Cennen in Carmarthenshire, Wales

Margaret of Anjou, (1430-1482), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Margaret of Anjou, (1430-1482), 1830. Margaret of Anjou (1430-1482) of the House of Valois. Queen of England by marriage to King Henry VI from 1445-1461

Henry VII, (1457-1509), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Henry VII, (1457-1509), 1830. Henry VII (1457-1509) seized the crown on 22 August 1485 from Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field

Richard III, (1452-1485), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Richard III, (1452-1485), 1830. Richard III (1452-1485) King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1483 until his death in 1485. Last king of the House of York and last of the Plantagenet dynasty

Edward IV, (1442-1483), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Edward IV, (1442-1483), 1830. Edward IV (1442-1483) King of England 1461-1470 and again from 1471 to his death. He grew up during the Wars of the Roses and became the first Yorkist king

Henry VI, (1421-1471), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Henry VI, (1421-1471), 1830. Henry VI (1421-1471) King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471, disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453

Sir J. Fortescue, (c1394-1479), 1830. Creator: Unknown
Sir J. Fortescue, (c1394-1479), 1830. Sir John Fortescue (c1394-1479) English Chief Justice of the Kings Bench, educated at Exeter College, Oxford, appointed governor of Lincolns Inn three times

The Duke of Somerset killing Lord Wenlock, 1773. Creator: William Walker
The Duke of Somerset killing Lord Wenlock, 1773. After Samuel Wale (1721-1786). John Wenlock, (c1400/04 - 1471) allegedly killed by his own commander

Richard III Killed in Bosworth-Field, 1773. Creator: William Walker
Richard III Killed in Bosworth-Field, 1773. Richard III (1452-1485) killed in Bosworth-Field and the last English king to be killed in battle. After Samuel Wale (1721-1786)

King Richard III, 1786. Creator: Unknown
King Richard III, 1786. Richard III (1452-1485), King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1483 until his death, was the last king of the Houses of York and Plantagenet

Richard III. and the Earl of Richmond at the Battle of Bosworth, 1485, (mid 19th century). The Battle of Bosworth Field, fought on 22 August 1485

Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby, (early-mid 19th century). Creator: Edward Francis Finden
Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby, (early-mid 19th century). Portrait of English nobleman Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby (1435-1504)

Obelisk at Monken Hadley, Hertfordshire, c1800. The obelisk commemorates the Battle of Barnet, 1471, between Edward IV and the Earl of Warwick during the Wars of the Roses

Sanctuary, 1867. Artist: Richard Burchett
Sanctuary, 1867. Battle scene from the War of the Roses showing Edward of York pursuing Lancastrians who had sought sanctuary at Tewkesbury Abbey, Gloucestershite

Study for Margaret of Anjou taken Prisoner after the Battle of Tewkesbury, 1873; scene from the Wars of the Roses showing Edward of York pursuing Lancastrians who had sought sanctuary at Tewkesbury

Henry VI at Towton, 1860. Artist
Henry VI at Towton, 1860. The Battle of Towton (1461) took place near Towton in Yorkshire and was one of the bloodiest ever battles fought in Britain. It part of the Wars of the Roses

Margaret of Anjou taken prisoner after the Battle of Tewkesbury, 1875. Artist
Margaret of Anjou taken prisoner after the Battle of Tewkesbury, 1875. The Battle of Tewkesbury was fought in 1471 during the War of the Roses 1455-1485

Richard III of England at the Battle of Bosworth Field, Leicestershire, 1485 (1864). Richard (1452-1485) was the last Plantagenet King of England

Richard, Duke of Gloucester invited to assume the crown, 1483 (1864). Richard (1452-1485) was invited to assume the crown by the Duke of Buckingham (1455-1483)

Death of Warwick the Kingmaker, Battle of Barnet, 1471 (1864). Richard Neville or Nevill, Earl of Warwick (1428-1471), English soldier and statesman

Edward IV of England and Lady Elizabeth Grey, 1464 (1864). King Edward IV (1422-1483) calls in at Grafton, the residence of the Duchess of Bedford and her second husband

Strategem of Lord Fauconberg at the Battle of Towton, Yorkshire, 1461 (1864). Artist
Strategem of Lord Fauconberg at the Battle of Towton, Yorkshire, 1461 (1864). Lord Fauconbridge (1410-1463), leading the vanguard of Edward IVs (1422-1483) Yorkist army

Henry VII, King of England, and a billman, (1824). Henry (1457-1509) came to the throne in 1485 after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field

Richard III at Bosworth, 22 August 1485, (c1880). The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) 22 August 1485, was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses

Richard III, King of England from 1483, (1932). Artist: Rosalind Thornycroft
Richard III, King of England from 1483, (1932). Richard (1452-1485) was the last Plantagenet King of England. His death at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485 ended the Wars of the Roses

Richard III, 1859. Artist: GN Gardiner
Richard III, 1859. King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485, at the age of 32. He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty

The Queen Dowager of Edward IV parting with her son, the Duke of York, 1483 (1793)
Elizabeth Woodville, the Queen Dowager of Edward IV, parting with her son, the Duke of York, 1483 (1793). From Ashburtons History of England, by Charles Alfred Ashburton. [W. & J

Elizabeth Woodville and Jane Shore accused by Richard, Duke of Gloucester, 1483 (1793)
Elizabeth Woodville, the widow of King Edward IV, and Jane Shore, accused of witchcraft by Richard, Duke of Gloucester, 1483 (1793). From Ashburtons History of England, by Charles Alfred Ashburton

King Edward IV, 1793. From Ashburtons History of England, by Charles Alfred Ashburton. [W. & J. Stratford, High Holborn, London, 1793]

Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth, 1485 (1905). From Cassells History of England, Vol. II, [Cassell and Company, Limited, London, Paris, New York & Melbourne, 1905]

Earl Rivers presents his book to King Edward IV, c1477 (late 18th or early 19th century(?)). Artist: Charles Grignion
Earl Rivers presenting his translation of the Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers to King Edward IV and his family, c1477 (late 18th or early 19th century(?))

The houses of York and Lancaster, 15th century, (c1920). Members of the opposing sides in the Wars of the Roses whose symbols were the red rose (Lancaster), and the white rose (York)

King Henry VI, 1787. From Harrisons Edition of Rapins History of England, by Paul Rapin de Thoyras. [John Harrison, London, 1787]

King Henry VII, 1787. From Harrisons Edition of Rapins History of England, by Paul Rapin de Thoyras. [John Harrison, London, 1787]

King Edward V, 1787. From Harrisons Edition of Rapins History of England, by Paul Rapin de Thoyras. [John Harrison, London, 1787]

King Edward IV, 1785. From Harrisons Edition of Rapins History of England, by Paul Rapin de Thoyras. [John Harrison, London, 1785]

King Richard III, 1786. From Harrisons Edition of Rapins History of England, by Paul Rapin de Thoyras. [John Harrison, London, 1786]

Lady Elizabeth Grey soliciting assistance and protection from Edward IV, (1793). Artist: Warren
Lady Elizabeth Grey soliciting assistance and protection from Edward IV, (1793). Lady Elizabeth Grey (c1437-1492) was married to Sir John Grey, 7th Baron Ferrers of Groby

Kings College, Cambridge, and Henry VI, 1801. Kings College was founded by King King Henry VI (1421-1471) of England in 1441

Edward IV receiving the widows contribution, 15th century (19th century). Artist: Mackenzie
Edward IV receiving the widows contribution, 15th century (19th century). Edward IV (1442-1483) was King of England from 1461-1483

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"1455-1485: A Tale of Power, Betrayal, and Bloodshed" Step into the tumultuous era of the Wars of the Roses, where kingdoms clashed and destinies were decided. Queen Margaret of Anjou, a formidable force behind Henry VI's throne, graces us with her presence in this captivating artwork by Brown. Witness her placing a paper crown on the head of the Duke of York—a symbolic gesture that foreshadows their bitter rivalry. The Battle of Towton looms large in our minds as we delve deeper into this period. In John Leech's foggy depiction, we can almost hear the clash of swords and feel the tension on that fateful day—March 29th, 1461. The field becomes a canvas for Warwick the Kingmaker to showcase his strategic brilliance amidst chaos and uncertainty. To comprehend these intricate power struggles better, let us consult an invaluable map from 1893. It unravels how alliances shifted like tides during this century-long conflict—the red rose representing Lancaster and white symbolizing York—ultimately leading to one dynasty's triumph over another. Henry Payne takes us back even further to witness pivotal moments at Temple Garden—an evocative scene where choosing between red or white roses shaped England's destiny forevermore. These decisions paved way for Carreg Cennen Castle to stand tall as a testament to both strength and vulnerability throughout history. As we explore portraits from 1830 by unknown artists, faces come alive before our eyes. Margaret of Anjou exudes regality despite her eventual downfall; Richard III appears enigmatic yet haunted by controversy; Edward IV emanates authority while concealing inner turmoil; lastly, Henry VII stands poised as he lays claim to a fractured kingdom. In just three decades—from 1455 until 1485—the stage was set for monumental shifts in power dynamics that would shape England's future profoundly.