Alveolus Collection (page 3)

Respiratory tract, artwork
Respiratory tract. Computer artwork showing the various stages and structures of the human respiratory tract. Air is drawn in through the oral and/or nasal cavities, and passes down the trachea

Lung alveolus, artwork
Lung alveolus, computer artwork. Alveoli are the site of gas exchange in the lungs of mammals, where oxygen is taken up and carbon dioxide released

Human lungs. Anatomical artwork of the human lungs and respiratory system. The heart (which has been removed here) is located between the lungs

Bronchus and bronchioles, artwork
Bronchus and bronchioles. Artwork of the anatomical structure of the bronchi and their bronchioles, the main aspects of the respiratory system

Lung alveoli and red blood cells, TEM
Lung alveoli and red blood cells. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through lung alveoli (blue) and red blood cells (red)

Lung alveoli and blood cells, TEM
Lung alveoli and blood cells. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through lung alveoli and blood cells

Lung bronchus cross-section, SEM
Lung bronchus cross-section, coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM). This longitudinal freeze-fracture has exposed the inner epithelial surface of a bronchus (brown)

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An alveolus, also known as a pulmonary alveolus, is a tiny air sac found in the human lungs. These microscopic structures play a crucial role in respiration by facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the bloodstream and the air. In healthy lungs, alveoli are lined with specialized cells that allow for efficient gas exchange. However, various factors can disrupt this delicate balance. For instance, lactating breast tissue can cause temporary changes to the structure of alveoli. Unfortunately, diseases such as bacterial lung infections can wreak havoc on these vital structures. When infected, alveoli become inflamed and may fill up with fluid or pus. This compromises their ability to function properly and leads to respiratory difficulties. The importance of maintaining healthy lung tissue cannot be overstated. In cases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), small particles accumulate within bronchi and alveoli over time, causing inflammation and scarring. Fibroblasts and growth factors further obstruct the internal lining of these air sacs. Not only humans but birds also possess similar respiratory systems with intricate networks of bronchus and pulmonary alveoli called syrinxes. This enables them to produce complex vocalizations unique to each species. Understanding the structure and function of an alveolus is essential for comprehending respiratory health issues that arise when they are compromised or diseased. Through research and medical advancements, we strive towards preserving these tiny yet indispensable components of our lungs for optimal breathing capacity.