Bio Chemistry Collection (#51)

Glucose sugar molecule
Glucose, molecular model. Atoms are represented as spheres (blue). Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) that is utilised by the body as an energy source

Hyaluronic acid, molecular model. Hyaluronic acid (or hyaluronon) is a glycosaminoglycan, a type of biological polymer made up of repeating units of a disaccharide (two sugar molecules)

Sucrose molecule
Sucrose. Computer-generated molecular model of sucrose (C12H22O11). Sucrose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red). Sucrose is a disaccharide (sugar)

Maltose molecule
Maltose. Computer-generated molecular model of maltose (C12H22O11). Maltose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red)

Lactose molecule
Lactose. Computer-generated molecular model of lactose. Lactose is composed of carbon(green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red)

Glucose molecule
Glucose. Computer-generated model of glucose (C6H12O6). Glucose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red). Glucose is a monosaccharide (sugar)

Cellulose molecule
Cellulose. Computer-generated molecular model of cellulose. Cellulose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (white-grey) and oxygen (red)

Amylose molecule
Amylose. Computer-generated molecular model of amylose. Amylose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red). Amylose is a polysaccharide that is a component of starch

Rotigotine drug molecule
Rotigotine, computer model. This drug, marketed as Neupro, is used in the treatment of Parkinsons disease. Parkinsons disease is a movement disorder caused by the loss of cells in the brain that

Perphenazine antipsychotic drug, molecular model. This drug, marketed as Trilafon, Triavil and Etrafon, is a common treatment for patients suffering from psychoses

Lisinopril high blood pressure drug, molecular model. This drug, marketed as Prinivil, Zestril and Lisodur, is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and heart disease

Amlodipine high blood pressure drug, molecular model. This drug, marketed as Istin, is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and angina pectoris (heart pain)

Flumazenil benzodiazepine antidote
Flumazenil benzodiazepine antagonist drug, molecular model. This drug, marketed as Anexate, is used to treat overdoses of benzodiazepine drugs, a class of sedatives that includes valium

Buspirone anti-anxiety drug molecule
Buspirone anti-anxiety drug. Computer model of a molecule of buspirone, marketed as Buspar, an anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) drug

HIV antibody therapy. Molecular model of the interaction of the HIV surface protein gp120 (green, lower right) as it interacts with a human white blood cell surface protein (CD4, blue)

Cholesterol enzyme affected by a drug
Cholesterol enzyme being affected by a drug. Molecular model of the shape of the human enzyme Hmg-Coa reductase interacting (complexed) with the anti-cholesterol drug Fluvastatin (not seen)

Amprenavir drug molecule
Amprenavir. Computer model of a molecule of the drug amprenavir. It is also known as VX-478, and is sold under the brand name Agenerase

Theobromine drug molecule
Theobromine. Computer model of a molecule of the alkaloid drug theobromine. This substance is most often consumed in products of the cacao tree, such as chocolate and cocoa

Quinapril drug molecule
Quinapril. Computer model of a molecule of the drug quinapril. It is sold under the brand name Accupril. It is an ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitor drug

HIV enzyme being affected by a drug. Molecular model of HIVs reverse transcriptase enzyme as it interacts with a drug (not seen)

Nitroglycerin drug molecule
Nitroglycerin. Computer model of a molecule of the drug nitroglycerine. It is also known as nitroglycerin, trinitroglycerin and glyceryl trinitrate

Ampalex drug molecule
Ampalex. Computer model of a molecule of the drug made under the brand name Ampalex. It is also known by its trial name of CX-516. It is an ampakine drug, used to treat Alzheimers disease

Tacrine drug molecule
Tacrine. Computer model of a molecule of the drug tacrine. It is sold under the brand name Cognex. It is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drug

Cephalexin drug molecule
Cephalexin. Computer model of a molecule of the drug cephalexin. It is sold under the brand name Keflex. It is a cephalosporin antibiotic drug, used to treat bacterial infections

Atorvastatin drug molecule
Atorvastatin. Computer model of a molecule of the drug atorvastatin. It is sold under the brand name Lipitor. It is a statin drug

Azithromycin drug molecule
Azithromycin. Computer model of a molecule of the drug azithromycin. It is sold under the brand names Zithromax (Zmax) and Sumamed

Atenolol drug molecule
Atenolol. Computer model of a molecule of the drug atenolol. It is sold under the brand name Tenormin. It is a beta blocker drug, used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure)

Ephedrine molecule
Ephedrine. Computer graphic of a molecule of the drug ephedrine (C10.H15.N.O). The atoms (tubes) of the molecule are colour-coded: hydrogen (white), carbon (yellow), oxygen (red) and nitrogen (blue)

Morphine molecule
Morphine. Computer model of a molecule of morphine (C17.H19.N.O3). The atoms (tubes) of this drug are colour-coded: carbon (purple), oxygen (red), hydrogen (grey) and nitrogen (yellow)

Hydrocodone drug. Molecular model of the analgesic drug hydrocodone (C18H21NO3). Atoms (sticks) are colour-coded: carbon (yellow), hydrogen (white), nitrogen (blue) and oxygen (red)

Cortisol hormone molecule. Computer model of a molecule of the steroid hormone cortisol. Atoms are represented as blobs and are colour-coded: carbon (green), hydrogen (blue) and oxygen (red)

Follicle stimulating hormone molecule. Computer artwork showing the secondary structure of a molecule of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH, bottom) and its receptor (FSHR, top)

Corticosterone hormone molecule, computer model. Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour- coded: carbon (pink), hydrogen (white) and oxygen (blue)

Erythropoietin molecule bound to receptors. Computer model of a molecule of erythropoietin (EPO) (orange) bound to two extracellular EPO receptors (pink and purple)

Prostacyclin, molecular model. This is a hormone that acts to widen blood vessels (thus lowering blood pressure) and to prevent aggregation of platelets (preventing blood clotting)

Insulin hormone, molecular model
Insulin hormone. Molecular model of the bovine form of the hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas in mammals to aid the body in metabolising sugars

Adrenaline hormone molecule
Adrenaline. Computer model of a molecule of the hormone and neurotransmitter adrenaline. It is also known as epinephrine. Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal glands

Dopamine neurotransmitter molecule
Dopamine molecule. Computer artwork of a molecule of the neurotransmitter and neurohormone dopamine (C8.H11.N.O2). The atoms are represented as spheres and are colour-coded: carbon (black)

Dopamine molecule. Computer model of a molecule of the neurotransmitter and neurohormone dopamine. The atoms are represented as spheres and are colour-coded: carbon (red), hydrogen (white)

Insulin molecule
Insulin. Computer artwork of a molecule of insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. It consists of two peptide chains, A (centre to right) and B (left)

ZP3 glycoprotein molecule
ZP3 glycoprotein. Computer artwork of a molecule of ZP3 (zona pellucida glycoprotein 3), a sperm receptor in the external membrane (zona pellucida) of a female germ cell (egg)

Thrombin protein, secondary structure
Thrombin protein, computer model. Thrombin is a protein involved in the blood coagulation (clotting) process. It converts fibrinogen (a soluble plasma glycoprotein synthesised in the liver)

GAGA transcription factor molecule. Molecular model showing the primary (rods) and secondary (helices) structure of GAGA factor (green and blue)

Chinese scorpion toxin structure. Molecular model showing the crystal structure of toxin BmBKTtx1, produced by the Chinese scorpion (Buthus martensi Karsch)

NovoSeven clotting protein molecule
NovoSeven clotting protein, molecular model. NovoSeven is the brand name for an artificial version of the natural blood protein Factor VII, or proconvertin

Cytochrome P450 protein, molecular model. This protein plays a crucial role in metabolism in animals (including humans), fungi, plants and bacteria

Section of human apolipoprotein A-I, molecular model. This is a fragment of a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecule known as an apolipoprotein

Heterotrimeric G protein complex molecule. Computer model showing the secondary structure of a heterotrimeric G protein complex. Alpha-helices are red and beta sheets are yellow

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Biochemistry is the captivating realm where science and life intertwine, revealing the intricate secrets of our existence. As I gaze at the computer screen displaying a mesmerizing human genetic sequence, I am reminded of the boundless potential encoded within each double-stranded RNA molecule. The elegant dance of DNA transcription unfolds before my eyes, its molecular model illuminating the blueprint of life itself. In another corner, caffeine crystals come to life under a light micrograph, reminding us that even in our daily rituals lies an underlying biochemical symphony. The iconic DNA molecule stands tall as a symbol of discovery and progress, thanks to the pioneering work of Watson and Crick who unraveled its mysteries. Isaac Asimov's brilliance shines through as we acknowledge his contributions not only as a renowned US author but also as a biochemist who bridged literature with scientific exploration. Artistic renditions capture the beauty and complexity of metabolic enzymes and secondary structures of proteins, showcasing nature's ingenuity at every turn. The quest for knowledge extends into brain protein research; unlocking these enigmatic molecules could hold answers to understanding neurological disorders that plague humanity. A stunning computer artwork reveals beta DNA segments intertwined with spheres like celestial bodies orbiting their own gravitational pull - an awe-inspiring representation of interconnectedness on both macroscopic and microscopic scales. Amidst it all lies the nucleotide base matrix - an intricate web connecting all living beings across time and space. Biochemistry beckons us to explore this matrix further; deciphering its language holds profound implications for medicine, agriculture, biotechnology, and beyond. In this captivating world where science meets life's building blocks, biochemistry invites us to unravel nature's deepest secrets while inspiring wonderment at every step along this remarkable journey.