Ceremonial Object Collection

Axe, c. 2000 BC (calcite (marble)
5952018 Axe, c.2000 BC (calcite (marble) by Chinese School (20th century BC); 27.6x5.7x2.4 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Dagger axe, fragment reworked, c. 2000-c. 1400 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951972 Dagger axe, fragment reworked, c.2000-c.1400 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, (20th-14th century BC); 7.6x23.8x0.5 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Disk, c. 2500 BC (jade, nephrite)
5952029 Disk, c.2500 BC (jade, nephrite) by Qijia culture (c.2250-c.1900 BCE); Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, USA; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution; Gift of Arthur M

Axe, c. 5000-c. 1700 BC (jade, nephrite)
5952027 Axe, c.5000-c.1700 BC (jade, nephrite) by Longshan Culture (c.3000-c.1700 BC); 13.3x6.3x1.3 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Disk, c. 2500 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951986 Disk, c.2500 BC (jade, nephrite) by Qijia culture (c.2250-c.1900 BCE); Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, USA; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution; Gift of Arthur M

Axe, c. 3000-c. 1700 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951981 Axe, c.3000-c.1700 BC (jade, nephrite) by Longshan Culture (c.3000-c.1700 BC); 15.9x9x0.9 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, USA; (add.info.: Probably Liangzhu culture (ca)

Dagger-axe, fragment reworked, c. 2000-c. 1400 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951980 Dagger-axe, fragment reworked, c.2000-c.1400 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, (20th-14th century BC); 10.9x39.2x0.6 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Harvesting knife (hu þ¼Å), c. 2000-1000 BC (jade (serpentine))
5951034 Harvesting knife (hu þ¼Å), c.2000-1000 BC (jade (serpentine)) by Sanxingdui culture (c.2000 -c.1000 BCE); 10.5x73.6x1.4 cm; (add.info.: H x W x D)

Disk (bi), 5th-4th century BC (jade)
5951919 Disk (bi), 5th-4th century BC (jade) by Chinese School, (5th-4th century BC); 12.2x12.2x0.5 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Knife (dao ÕêÇ), c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951133 Knife (dao ÕêÇ), c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); © Freer Sackler Gallery; Gift of Arthur M. Sackler

Axe, c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (bronze with turquoise inlay and jade (nephrite) blade)
5952021 Axe, c.1300-c.1050 BC (bronze with turquoise inlay and jade (nephrite) blade) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); 20.2x11x1 cm; Freer Gallery of Art

Dagger-axe, fragment reworked, c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951961 Dagger-axe, fragment reworked, c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); 3.5x9.3x0.5 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Tube (cong), c. 6th-5th century BC (jade)
5950946 Tube (cong), c.6th-5th century BC (jade) by Chinese School, (6th-5th century BC); 4.2x7.2x7.2 cm; (add.info.: H x W x D)

Axe (yue Úë×), c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951105 Axe (yue Úë×), c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); 11.1x6.6x0.4 cm; (add.info.: H x W x D)

Dagger-axe, c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (bronze with turquoise inlay and jade (nephrite) blade)
5952020 Dagger-axe, c.1300-c.1050 BC (bronze with turquoise inlay and jade (nephrite) blade) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Knife, c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951976 Knife, c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, USA; Freer Gallery of Art

Axe, c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951969 Axe, c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); 8.6x5x0.5 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Axe, c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade (serpentine)
5951964 Axe, c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade (serpentine) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); 5.9x5.1x0.6 cm; Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution

Dagger-axe (ge 戈), fragment reworked, c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade)
5951135 Dagger-axe (ge 戈), fragment reworked, c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); 6.2x20.4x0.7 cm; (add.info.: H x W x D)

Knife (dao ÕêÇ), c. 1300-c. 1050 BC (jade, nephrite)
5951107 Knife (dao ÕêÇ), c.1300-c.1050 BC (jade, nephrite) by Chinese School, Anyang period (c.1300-c.1050 BCE); © Freer Sackler Gallery; Gift of Arthur M. Sackler

Ancestor tablet, Western Zhou dynasty, ca. 1050-ca. 950 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Ancestor tablet, Western Zhou dynasty, ca. 1050-ca. 950 BCE

Disk (bi), Qing dynasty, 1736-1795. Creator: Unknown
Disk (bi), Qing dynasty, 1736-1795

Disk (long), Western Han dynasty, 206 BCE-9 CE. Creator: Unknown
Disk (long), Western Han dynasty, 206 BCE-9 CE

Ritual bronze implement (shao), Shang dynasty, ca. 11th century BCE. Creator: Unknown
Ritual bronze implement (shao), Shang dynasty, ca. 11th century BCE

Ritual disk (bi), Western Han dynasty, 206 BCE-9 CE. Creator: Unknown
Ritual disk (bi), Western Han dynasty, 206 BCE-9 CE

Disk (bi), Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-1050 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Disk (bi), Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-1050 BCE

Straight chisel (gui), Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-1050 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Straight chisel (gui), Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-1050 BCE

Broad chisel, Shang dynasty, ca. 12th-11th century BCE. Creator: Unknown
Broad chisel, Shang dynasty, ca. 12th-11th century BCE

Disk (bi) with knobs, Warring States period or early Han dynasty, 475-100 BCE

Disk (bi), Qing dynasty, 18th century. Creator: Unknown
Disk (bi), Qing dynasty, 18th century

Ritual disk (bi), Qing dynasty, 1736 to 1911. Creator: Unknown
Ritual disk (bi), Qing dynasty, 1736 to 1911

Fragment of a ceremonial axe, Western Zhou dynasty, ca. 1050-771 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Fragment of a ceremonial axe, Western Zhou dynasty, ca. 1050-771 BCE

Tube (cong </ >?</ i>), Shang or Western Zhou dynasty, ca. 1600-ca. 771 BCE
Tube (cong ? ), Shang or Western Zhou dynasty, ca. 1600-ca. 771 BCE

Dagger-axe (ge ?), Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-ca. 1050 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Dagger-axe (ge ?), Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-ca. 1050 BCE

Disk (bi ?), Probably Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-ca. 1050 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Disk (bi ?), Probably Shang dynasty, ca. 1600-ca. 1050 BCE

Dagger-axe (ge ?), Erlitou culture or early Shang dynasty, ca. 2000-ca. 1400 BCE

Disk (bi) with spirals, Eastern Zhou dynasty, 475-221 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Disk (bi) with spirals, Eastern Zhou dynasty, 475-221 BCE

Axe (yue ?), made from a collared disk, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE

Miniature hafted dagger-axe (ge ?), Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE

Axe (yue ?), probably reworked from a collared disk, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE

Dagger-axe (ge ?), fragment, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Dagger-axe (ge ?), fragment, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE

Ancestor tablet, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Ancestor tablet, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-ca. 1050 BCE

Dagger-axe (ge ?), fragment reworked, Erlitou culture or early Shang dynasty, ca. 2000-ca. 1400 BCE

Dagger-axe (ge ?), fragment, Erlitou culture or early Shang dynasty, ca. 2000-ca. 1400 BCE

Dagger-axe (ge) with dragons, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-1200 BCE. Creator: Unknown
Dagger-axe (ge) with dragons, Late Shang dynasty, ca. 1300-1200 BCE

Six-tier tube (cong ?) with masks, probably recut, Late Neolithic period, ca. 3300-2250 BCE

Disk (bi ?) with incised glyph, Late Neolithic period, ca. 3300-2250 BCE

Three-tier tube (cong ?) with masks, Late Neolithic period, ca. 3300-2250 BCE

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"Unveiling the Mystique: A Glimpse into Ancient Ceremonial Objects" Step back in time and immerse yourself in the enigmatic world of ceremonial objects. These artifacts, dating as far back as 5000 BC, offer a fascinating glimpse into ancient rituals and beliefs. Among these treasures is an Axe from around 2000 BC, crafted meticulously from calcite marble. Its smooth surface bears witness to the skilled craftsmanship of its creators, who harnessed this tool for both practical and symbolic purposes. Another remarkable find is a Dagger axe fragment reworked between 2000-1400 BC, made from precious jade nephrite. This exquisite piece showcases the mastery of ancient artisans who transformed raw materials into objects of beauty and power. A Disk carved from jade nephrite around 2500 BC captivates with its intricate design. Symbolizing harmony and balance, it reflects the spiritual significance bestowed upon such ceremonial items during that era. Jade nephrite emerges once again in an Axe created between 3000-1700 BC. Revered for its mystical properties, this stone was believed to possess protective qualities against evil spirits - making it an essential component of sacred ceremonies. The Harvesting knife (hu þ¼Å) originating between 2000-1000 BC stands out with its serpentine jade handle. This tool served not only practical functions but also held deep cultural significance within agricultural communities. Moving forward through time brings us to a Disk (bi) crafted during the 5th-4th century BC. Its elegant form exemplifies artistic refinement while embodying spiritual symbolism cherished by ancient civilizations. A Knife (dao ÕêÇ), dating back to approximately 1300-1050 BC, showcases another exceptional use of jade nephrite by our ancestors. With its sharp blade and ornate handle, this object likely played a role in important rites or ceremonies.