Echinoderm Collection (page 14)

Fossil Crinoid
Watercolour of a fossil crinoid by Sarah Stone (c. 1760-1844) from the collection of Sir Ashton Lever

Ophioderma egertoni (Broderip), brittlestar
Brittlestars belong to the echinoderms and are a close relative of sea stars. This specimen dates from the Middle Lias of the Jurassic from Bridport, Dorset c. 195-189 million years old

Uintacrinus, stemless crinoid
A black and white photograph of a stemless crinoid, which dates from the Cretaceous. Crinoids have five or more feathery arms radiating from a central disc

Silurian Wenlock sea
An artists impression of the Wenlock (430.4 - 424 million years ago) sea with trilobites, corals, and crinoids

Crinoidal limestone

Pseudocrinites magnificus, cystoid
This specimen is a rare fossil Cystoid. They belonged to the echinoderms and diversified greatly in the Silurian, but became extinct by the Permian

Platanaster ordovicus, starfish
This echinoid dates from the Ordovician period. Starfish belong to the Echinoderm spiney skinned and were mostly bottom dwellers. They are also characterised by five-fold symmetry

Dizgocrinus mon, fossil crinoid
This fossil crinoid or sea-lily originates from the limestones of Keokuk, Lowa, USA

Carboniferous limestone sea
Bridget Kempsters impression of a shallow coral Carboniferous (354 to 290 million years ago) limestone sea, depicting fish and an abundance of crinoids and coral

Temnocrinus tuberculatus (Miller)
A fossil specimen of Temnocrinus tuberculatus (Miller), a paleozoic crinoid dating back to the Silurian (440 million years ago), discovered in the Wenlock Limestone bed, Dudley, Worcestershire, UK

Cheiracanthus murchisoni, fossil fish
This is an early jawed acanthodian fish from the Devonian rocks of Banffshire Scotland. Length 5 cms

Micraster coranguinum, echinoid
This a common heart-shaped Cretaceous sea-urchin originates from the Upper Chalk. This specimen is preserved in its original calcite and its length is around 6cm

Protaxocrinus tuberculatus (Miller)
A fossil specimen of Protaxocrinus tuberculatus (Miller), a crinoid, dating back to the Silurian period (440 million years ago), discovered in the Wenlock Limestone bed, Dudley, Worcestershire, UK

Hemicidaris intermedi, Jurassic sea urchin
This specimen is particularly well-preserved retaining its spines where they fell around the animal as it died

Plegiocidaris coronata, sea urchin
A fossil echinoid or sea-urchin from the Jurassic rocks of Ulm, Germany

Myedactylus flecheri (Salter)
A fossil specimen of Myelodactylus fletcheri (Salter) dating back to the Silurian period (440 million years ago), discovered in Wenlock Limestone bed, Dudley, Worcestershire, UK

Brittlestar
Underside of a brittlestar specimen held at the Natural History Museum, London

Echinocarys, echinoid hoax
A hoax fossil echinoid found at Piltdown, Sussex. Specimen now held at the Natural History Museum, London

Archaeocrinus microbasalis, sea lily
Cast of a fossil sea lily from Canada, is 458-443 million years old from the Late Ordovician. On display in the From the Beginning, Gallery 63, Earth Galleries at the Natural History Museum, London

Ophiroid brittle stars
These invertebrates can occur in huge numbers on the deep ocean floor. Specimens held at the Natural History Museum, London

Centrostephanus longispina, echinoid
The echinoid (Centrostephanus longispina). A recent echinoid found in the Mediterranean and East Atlantic. Specimen held at the Natural History Museum, London

Sea urchins
Plate 6 from Voyage sur la Venus (1840-1864) by A. A. Dupetit-Thouars

Astroboa clavata, basketstar

Jew Stones or sea urchin spines
Unidentified specimens of sea urchin spines possibly from Balanocidaris glandaria Leske, a Cretaceous echinoid found in Palestine

Diadema antillarum Philippi, sea-urchin
Diadema antillarum echinoid, a shallow-water regular echinoid with a formidable array of needle-sharp spines. This species tends to congregate into herds for added protection

Pentacrinites fossilis, crinoid
Crinoids are ancient, marine organisms. Pentacrinites fossilis was unusual in that it lived suspended from floating driftwood (seen here attached to a log)

Archastropecten cotteswoldiae, starfish
A fossil starfish of the subclass Asteroidea from the Jurassic rocks of Gloucestershire, England

Pentremites spicatus, blastoid
A Carboniferous blastoid from Grayson Co, Kentucky, U.S.A

Palaeocoma egertoni, fossil brittle star
A fossil brittle (serpent) star found in the Jurassic and Lias of England. Maximum diameter 8cm. This specimen is a well-known Echinoderm genus and similar to todays living brittle stars

Orbea variegata, toad cactus
Sketch 300 from the Ehret Collection of Sketches (unbound) by Georg Dionysius Ehret (1708-1770). Held in the Botany Library at the Natural History Museum, London

Sterna forsteri, Forsters tern, Sterna trudeaui, Trudeau s
Plate 408 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1835-38), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Pentacrinites, crinoid
Pentacrinites is a fossil crinoid from the Jurassic. Crinoids are ancient, marine organisms. The majority have long stalks anchored to the bottom

Silurian seascape

Emperor Shrimp - on a Sea Cucumber - Indonesia
LEE-282 Emperor Shrimp - on a Sea Cucumber Indonesia Periclimenes imperator Lea Lee Please note that prints are for personal display purposes only and may not be reproduced in anyway

Feather Star - Indonesia
LEE-210 Feather Star Indonesia Comanthina sp. Lea Lee Please note that prints are for personal display purposes only and may not be reproduced in anyway

Toxic Sea Urchin - Indonesia
LEE-179 Toxic Sea Urchin Indonesia Asthenosoma ijimai Lea Lee Please note that prints are for personal display purposes only and may not be reproduced in anyway

Egg Mass of Sea Lemon ROG 6529 Starfish in background, Lundy, UK. Archidoris pseudoargus © Bob Gibbons / ARDEA
ROG-6529 Sea Lemon - egg mass, Starfish in background Lundy Island, UK Archidoris pseudoargus Bob Gibbons contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Spotted Sea Cucumbers - Indonesia
LEE-301 Spotted Sea Cucumbers Indonesia Synapta maculata Lea Lee contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Fossil - crinoid
PM-3293 Fossil - crinoid Woodocrinus cauboniferous Pat Morris contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Sea Urchin Crab - with Urchin (Astropyga radi) - Indonesia
LEE-290 Sea Urchin Crab - with Urchin (Astropyga radi) Indonesia Dorippe frascone Lea Lee contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Sand Dollar - Punta Colorado - Sea of Cortez - Baja California - Mexico
SE-1370 Sand Dollar Punta Colorado - Sea of Cortez - Baja California - Mexico Suzi Eszterhas contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Fossil - Crinoid. Size 5 in. Mississippian (Carboniferrous). Edwardsville Fm. Indiana, USA
FG-11968 Fossil - Crinoid. Size 5 in. Mississippian (Carboniferrous). Edwardsville Fm. Indiana, USA Histocrinus coreyi Francois Gohier contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Purple / Ochre Sea Star - with Giant Green Anemone (Anthopleura xanthogrammica)
COS-3813 Purple / Ochre Sea Star - with Giant Green Anemone (Anthopleura xanthogrammica) in rock pool with other starfish Oregon - USA Pisaster ochraceus Bill Coster contact details

Purple Sea Urchin
JLM-6181 PURPLE SEA URCHIN Strongylocentrotus purpuratus John Mason contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Crown-of-thorns Starfish
KA-51 CROWN-OF-THORNS STARFISH Acanthaster planci Kurt Amsler contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Brittle Star - Indonesia
LEE-154 Brittle Star Indonesia Ophiothrix purpurea Lea Lee contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

Yellow Noble Feather Star - Dhonkalo Thila - North-Ari atoll - Maldives
LEE-132 Yellow Noble Feather Star Dhonkalo Thila - North-Ari atoll - Maldives Comanthina nobilis Lea Lee contact details: prints@ardea.com tel: +44 (0) 20 8318 1401

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"Echinoderms: Fascinating Creatures of the Sea" Diving into the depths of the ocean, we encounter an extraordinary world filled with diverse marine life. Amongst them, echinoderms stand out as captivating creatures that never fail to amaze us. In Japan's Kagoshima Prefecture, a Male Leach's sea star steals the spotlight as it engages in broadcast spawning. With arms extended gracefully, it releases streams of sperm into the water, contributing to new life beneath the waves. This mesmerizing sight earned its well-deserved recognition as Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2022 - Underwater category winner. But let us not forget their ancient relatives who once roamed our oceans. Extinct marine reptiles ruled during a time long past, leaving behind remnants like crinoid fossils known as "Sea Lilies. " Discovered in Northern Germany from the Triassic period over 240 million years ago, these delicate fossils offer glimpses into Earth's prehistoric wonders. Moving forward to present-day marvels, we encounter sea cucumbers and starfish gracing sandy beaches worldwide. Their unique shapes and vibrant colors add charm to coastal landscapes while reminding us of nature's artistic touch. Delving deeper into history reveals St. Cuthberts Beads—a rosary crafted from crinoid columnals—an exquisite testament to human creativity intertwined with echinoderm beauty. Further exploration uncovers Pentrimites robustus and Tylocidaris clavigera—blastoids and sea urchins respectively—each showcasing intricate patterns etched by evolution itself. Venturing along rocky shores brings encounters with double spined urchins' anal sacks—a peculiar yet essential part of their anatomy that aids in maintaining balance within their watery habitat. As we journey across continents, common starfish grace Oxwich Bay in Gower South Wales UK while ochre & purple sea stars adorn Strawberry Hill State Park on the Oregon coast, Pacific Ocean, USA.