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French Sudan Collection

Discover the rich history of French Sudan, a region once explored by pioneering French scientists and soldiers

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: EXPL2A-00139

EXPL2A-00139
Timbuktu in Africa, as drawn by Rene-Auguste Caillie, the first European visitor, 1828. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of Caillies illustration

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: Scientific expedition to the Sudan led by French agronomist Jean Dybowski, 1891 (chromolitho)

Scientific expedition to the Sudan led by French agronomist Jean Dybowski, 1891 (chromolitho)
2815904 Scientific expedition to the Sudan led by French agronomist Jean Dybowski, 1891 (chromolitho) by French School, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: General Louis Archinard, front cover illustration from Le Petit Journal

General Louis Archinard, front cover illustration from Le Petit Journal
698739 General Louis Archinard, front cover illustration from Le Petit Journal, supplement illustre, 21st October 1917 (colour litho) by French School

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: In French Sudan (colour litho)

In French Sudan (colour litho)
2818237 In French Sudan (colour litho) by Meyer, Henri (1841-99) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: In French Sudan. The defence of Upper Niger. Au Soudan francais. La defense du Haut-Niger)

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: The jeweller Gallo-Thiam and cora players in the Senegal and French Sudan section of

The jeweller Gallo-Thiam and cora players in the Senegal and French Sudan section of the Exposition Universelle 1900
3098937 The jeweller Gallo-Thiam and cora players in the Senegal and French Sudan section of the Exposition Universelle 1900, Paris (colour photo) by French Photographer

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: The defeat of Rabah: recompense for a brave man (colour litho)

The defeat of Rabah: recompense for a brave man (colour litho)
3099107 The defeat of Rabah: recompense for a brave man (colour litho) by Meaulle, Fortune Louis (1844-1901); Private Collection; (add.info.: The defeat of Rabah: recompense for a brave man)

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: French Africa (colour litho)

French Africa (colour litho)
2818487 French Africa (colour litho) by French School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: French Africa. Map showing the routes of expeditions)

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: French Sudan (chromolitho)

French Sudan (chromolitho)
1093435 French Sudan (chromolitho) by French School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: French Sudan. French educational card)

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: Henri Gouraud, French soldier, playing billiards, 1895

Henri Gouraud, French soldier, playing billiards, 1895. Gouraud (1867-1946) first came to prominence in French Sudan in the 1890s, where he succeeded in capturing Samori

Background imageFrench Sudan Collection: The defence of Haut-Niger, French Sudan, 1891. Artist: Henri Meyer

The defence of Haut-Niger, French Sudan, 1891. Artist: Henri Meyer
The defence of Haut-Niger, French Sudan, 1891. The colony of French Sudan was established in 1891, corresponding to the territory of the modern nation of Mali


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Discover the rich history of French Sudan, a region once explored by pioneering French scientists and soldiers. In 1891, Jean Dybowski led a scientific expedition, as depicted in EXPL2A-00139. General Louis Archinard's bravery was celebrated on the front cover of Le Petit Journal in 1891. The Exposition Universelle 1900 showcased the jeweler Gallo-Thiam and cora players from Senegal and French Sudan. The defeat of Rabah in 1892 brought recompense for a brave man, as illustrated in a color litho. French Africa and they were depicted in various color lithographs and chromolithographs. Henri Gouraud, a French soldier, enjoyed a game of billiards in 1895. The defense of Haut-Niger in 1891, as portrayed by Henri Meyer, was a significant moment in French Sudan's history. An old man teaching a child to write in French Sudan in 1893 reflects the cultural exchange and education that took place during this era.