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Pseudomembranous colitis, a condition caused by the Clostridium difficile bacteria, is depicted here in this transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image. The presence of these bacteria can lead to severe inflammation and damage to the colon lining. Pseudomembranous colitis is characterized by the formation of yellowish-white plaques or pseudomembranes on the surface of the colon, which can cause symptoms like diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. This infection often occurs as a result of antibiotic use that disrupts the normal balance of gut flora, allowing C. Difficile to overgrow and produce toxins. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications such as dehydration or perforation of the colon. Management typically involves discontinuing antibiotics if possible and initiating specific antimicrobial therapy against C. Difficile along with supportive care measures like fluid replacement. Preventive strategies include proper hand hygiene practices and judicious antibiotic use to minimize the risk of acquiring this potentially debilitating infection.