Reformers Collection

Daniel O Connell, engraved by H. Robinson (engraving)
2563489 Daniel O Connell, engraved by H. Robinson (engraving) by Stewart, J. (19th century); Free Library of Philadelphia; (add.info.: Daniel O Connell (6 August 1775 - 15 May 1847)

Portrait of Martin Luther (lithograph)
6203083 Portrait of Martin Luther (lithograph); (add.info.: Martin LUTRO (10 November 1483 -18 February 1546) German theologian, initiator of the Protestant Reformation of the Church

Appraisal
Vincent DEMOULIN

Cartoon, The End of the Rotten Borough -- the Reform Bill of 1832 did away with these so-called rotten boroughs, which were constituencies with a very small electorate

London First Sewage System Fleet Streets Street
london, first, sewage, system, fleet, streets, street, sew, 1845, cholera, epidemics, great, stink, miasmas, combined, create, death, rate, higher, forcing, reformers, face, urban, planning, policy

BURNING HERETICS BOOKS
When church reformers Martin Bucer and Phagius are put to death, their heretical books are burnt along with their bodies. Date: 1551

Emmeline Pankhurst, 1927 (oil on canvas)
GIA4815813 Emmeline Pankhurst, 1927 (oil on canvas) by Brackenbury, Georgina A. (1866-1949) ; 78.7x61.6 cm; National Gallery, London, UK; (add.info.: Emmeline Pankhurst (15 July 1858 - 14 June 1928)

While awaiting liberal reforms in Russia, the Cossacks disperse and persecute the dreamers of freedom in Petersburg
2814738 While awaiting liberal reforms in Russia, the Cossacks disperse and persecute the dreamers of freedom in Petersburg (Colour Litho) by Beltrame

Protestant Reformers, c. 1654 (oil on panel)
736721 Protestant Reformers, c.1654 (oil on panel) by English School, (17th century)

The Persecution of the Reformers in Paris (engraving)
5220723 The Persecution of the Reformers in Paris (engraving) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: The Persecution of the Reformers in Paris)

Alexander Campbell (colour litho)
1630646 Alexander Campbell (colour litho) by American School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Alexander Campbell (1788-1866)

Caricature of Samuel Plimsoll (colour litho)
960354 Caricature of Samuel Plimsoll (colour litho) by Faustin (Faustin Betbeder) (1847-1914); Private Collection; (add.info.: Samuel Plimsoll, British politician and social reformer)

Tiberius & Caius Gracchus (engraving)
816263 Tiberius & Caius Gracchus (engraving) by Flemish School, (17th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: The brothers Tiberius Gracchus (c165 BCE-133 BCE)

Daniel O Connell, Esq. 1831 (litho)
2563490 Daniel O Connell, Esq. 1831 (litho) by Unknown Artist, (19th century); Free Library of Philadelphia; (add.info.: Daniel O Connell (6 August 1775 - 15 May 1847)

Memento of the Great Public Question (engraving)
2563393 Memento of the Great Public Question (engraving) by English School, (19th century); Free Library of Philadelphia; (add.info)

Manchester Bull-Hunt, 1819 (hand-coloured engraving)
2562153 Manchester Bull-Hunt, 1819 (hand-coloured engraving) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Henry Hunt (1773-1835)); The Stapleton Collection; English

John Knox administering the first Protestant Communion, pub. 1849 (engraving)
2646301 John Knox administering the first Protestant Communion, pub. 1849 (engraving) by Bonner, William (fl.1849); Private Collection; (add.info.: John Knox (c)

The Republican Attack, published by Hannah Humphrey in 1795 (hand-coloured etching)
NCO190455 The Republican Attack, published by Hannah Humphrey in 1795 (hand-coloured etching) by Gillray, James (1757-1815); Courtesy of the Warden and Scholars of New College

Caricature of Luther, Calvin and Menno Simons disputing Christ and his teaching
939895 Caricature of Luther, Calvin and Menno Simons disputing Christ and his teaching (engraving) by Dutch School, (16th century)

Celebration of the Eucharist by the Hussites in a field near Prague
619638 Celebration of the Eucharist by the Hussites in a field near Prague, illustration from The History of Protestantism by James Aitken Wylie (1808-1890), pub

Portrait of Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815-1902) and Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906), c
SLS249113 Portrait of Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815-1902) and Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906), c.1880 (b/w photo) by American Photographer, (19th century); Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute

Henry Ward Beecher (1818-87), American Clergyman, Social Reformer (albumen photo)
AQS336800 Henry Ward Beecher (1818-87), American Clergyman, Social Reformer (albumen photo) by Sarony, Napoleon (1821-96); 30.5x18.2 cm; American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts

Franklin Benjamin Sanborn (1831-1917), American social reformer
AQS336843 Franklin Benjamin Sanborn (1831-1917), American social reformer, journalist social scientist; phot by H G Smith, Boston (albumen photo) by American Photographer

The Suffragettes Taking a Sleigh Ride, 1870-90 (oil on canvas)
2652580 The Suffragettes Taking a Sleigh Ride, 1870-90 (oil on canvas) by American School, (19th century); 51.4x91.4 cm; Shelburne Museum, Vermont, USA; eShelburne Museum; Museum purchase

Bartolome de las Casas (chromolitho)
963844 Bartolome de las Casas (chromolitho) by French School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Bartolome de las Casas, Spanish historian and Dominican friar.); © Look and Learn

Memorial to William Cobbett by J. Baddeley, 1835 (bronze)
2959926 Memorial to William Cobbett by J. Baddeley, 1835 (bronze) by Rouw, Peter (1771-1852) (after); Timothy Millett Collection; (add.info.: Bust of William Cobbett (9 March 1763 - 18 June 1835)

The Vegetarian System - Some leading members of the Vegetarian Society
XJF465196 The Vegetarian System - Some leading members of the Vegetarian Society, published in The Graphic, 1874 (engraving) by English School

Daniel O Connell, the Champion of Liberty (litho)
2563420 Daniel O Connell, the Champion of Liberty (litho) by American School, (19th century); Free Library of Philadelphia; (add.info.: Daniel O Connell (6 August 1775 - 15 May 1847)

t Licht is op den kandelaer gestelt (oil on canvas)
3484058 t Licht is op den kandelaer gestelt (oil on canvas) by Dutch School, (17th century); 94.4x128.6 cm; Private Collection; (add.info.: In the foreground, from left to right, there are a bishop)

Portrait of Huldrych Zwingli (engraving)
820525 Portrait of Huldrych Zwingli (engraving) by German School, (18th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Huldrych Zwingli)

Martin Luther and Jan Hus administering Holy Communion to the Saxon royal family (engraving)
3646448 Martin Luther and Jan Hus administering Holy Communion to the Saxon royal family (engraving) by German School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info)

Caroline Norton (engraving)
725899 Caroline Norton (engraving) by Carrick, Thomas Heathfield (1802-75) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: Caroline Norton, British feminist and social reformer)

Charlemagne and his scholars, illustration from Hutchinson
STC358100 Charlemagne and his scholars, illustration from Hutchinsons History of the Nations, 1915 (litho) by Bls, Eugen von (1843-1931) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

Suffragette parade, outside the Adelphi Theatre, New York, 1910 (b / w photo)
SLS251106 Suffragette parade, outside the Adelphi Theatre, New York, 1910 (b/w photo) by American Photographer, (20th century); Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute

The Reformers, Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, Calvin, Knox, Bunyan, Wesley, Whitefield, Fletcher, Miller (engraving)
971050 The Reformers, Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, Calvin, Knox, Bunyan, Wesley, Whitefield, Fletcher, Miller (engraving) by American School

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (engraving)
1101664 Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (engraving) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi)

Daniel O Connell refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy, pub. Boston (colour litho)
1123838 Daniel O Connell refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy, pub. Boston (colour litho) by Frizzell, Samuel (1844-95) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

Punch cartoon regarding John Bright: "Not Quite Such A Fine Child As The Last!", 21 February 1852 (engraving)
6034577 Punch cartoon regarding John Bright: " Not Quite Such A Fine Child As The Last!", 21 February 1852 (engraving) by English School

Reform leaguers at the Marble Arch 1866 AD (litho)
1266314 Reform leaguers at the Marble Arch 1866 AD (litho) by Overend, William Heysham (1851-98); Private Collection; (add.info.: Cassells History of England pulished circa 1920)

Portrait of Samuel Plimsoll (b / w photo)
984213 Portrait of Samuel Plimsoll (b/w photo) by Lock and Whitfield (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Samuel Plimsoll, British politician and social reformer)

Portrait of Thomas Muir (engraving)
960366 Portrait of Thomas Muir (engraving) by Kay, John (1742-1826) (after); Private Collection; (add.info.: Thomas Muir, Scottish political reformer)

A daring attempt at social reform (colour litho)
2808965 A daring attempt at social reform (colour litho) by Beltrame, Achille (1871-1945); Private Collection; (add.info.: A daring attempt at social reform)

Arrival of the Hussite Deputies at Basle, illustration from
619640 Arrival of the Hussite Deputies at Basle, illustration from The History of Protestantism by James Aitken Wylie (1808-1890), pub

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"Reformers: Pioneers of Change and Champions of Freedom" From the courageous Daniel O'Connell to the visionary Emmeline Pankhurst, reformers throughout history have left an indelible mark on society. Engraved by H. Robinson, O'Connell's image stands as a testament to his unwavering dedication to justice. In bustling London, the first sewage system in Fleet Streets Street revolutionized public health, thanks to the tireless efforts who sought better living conditions for all. Yet not all battles were fought with infrastructure; some took place within the realm of ideas. The burning of heretics' books serves as a stark reminder that reformers faced fierce opposition from those threatened by their progressive ideals. Through cartoons like "The End of the Rotten Borough, " these brave individuals exposed corruption and fought for fair representation. Even in matters seemingly trivial, such as men's dress reforms, we find evidence of how every aspect of life was scrutinized by these agents of change. The revel held by dress reformers symbolizes their determination to challenge societal norms and promote equality. History also reveals persecution endured by reformers like Samuel Bowly during times when freedom seemed elusive. In Paris or Petersburg, engraving after engraving depicts their struggle against oppressive regimes that sought to stifle progress. Not limited to any particular era or region, champions like Tiberius and Caius Gracchus emerged even in ancient Rome. Their engravings remind us that advocating for social justice is an enduring pursuit spanning centuries. Passmore Williamson's imprisonment for alleged contempt exemplifies how even acts rooted in principle can be met with hostility from established powers resistant to change. Lithographs depicting this event highlight the courage required to stand up against injustice. Ultimately, these reformers championed various causes - freedom speech, free press, free soil - all united under a common goal: liberating humanity from oppression.