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Sanitation Collection (page 5)

"From Waiting for the Hour to Modern Innovations: A Journey through Sanitation History" Step back in time to 1863

Background imageSanitation Collection: The pumping station at Deptford Creek, 1861

The pumping station at Deptford Creek, 1861
The sewage pumping station at Deptford Creek, designed by civil engineer Sir Joseph Bazelgette. Pictured here under construction in 1861. Date: 1861

Background imageSanitation Collection: Woman urinating under a tree, 1631 (etching)

Woman urinating under a tree, 1631 (etching)
XJF412269 Woman urinating under a tree, 1631 (etching) by Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (1606-69); Private Collection; (add.info)

Background imageSanitation Collection: Toothbrush with toothpaste

Toothbrush with toothpaste

Background imageSanitation Collection: HINE: HOME INDUSTRY, 1911. A family making flowers in a unsanitary tenement apartment

HINE: HOME INDUSTRY, 1911. A family making flowers in a unsanitary tenement apartment at 302 Mott Street in New York City. Photograph by Lewis Hine, December 1911

Background imageSanitation Collection: Sanitation team clearing refuse, Maktau Camp, Kenya, WW1

Sanitation team clearing refuse, Maktau Camp, Kenya, WW1
Sanitation team clearing refuse left by departing troops at Maktau Camp, Kenya, East Africa, during WW1. It was their job to keep the camp clean and hygienic. 1916

Background imageSanitation Collection: Refuse left by departing troops, Maktau Camp, Kenya, WW1

Refuse left by departing troops, Maktau Camp, Kenya, WW1
Refuse left by departing troops at Maktau Camp, Kenya, East Africa, during WW1 -- a sanitation team was given the task of clearing it. 1916

Background imageSanitation Collection: Roman era. Turkey. Ephesus Latrines (public toilets). 1st ce

Roman era. Turkey. Ephesus Latrines (public toilets). 1st century AD

Background imageSanitation Collection: Italy. Pompeii. Public Latrines. Ruins

Italy. Pompeii. Public Latrines. Ruins. Forum

Background imageSanitation Collection: Melly Drinking Fountain

Melly Drinking Fountain
Charles P. Melly stands beside his first drinking fountain in Liverpool, supervising the work of a bricklayer. Date: 1861

Background imageSanitation Collection: Advertisement, Improved Earth Closets and Commodes

Advertisement, Improved Earth Closets and Commodes
Advertisement, O Brien, Thomas, & Co, Upper Thames Street, London -- Improved Earth Closets and Commodes (Toilets). 1898

Background imageSanitation Collection: Advertisement, Twycliffe Patent Pedestal Syphon Toilet

Advertisement, Twycliffe Patent Pedestal Syphon Toilet
Advertisement, Twyfords Ltd, Cliffe Vale Potteries, Hanley -- Twycliffe Patent Pedestal Syphon WC Basin Toilet. 1896

Background imageSanitation Collection: Cheer O! Christmas, 1918 Christmas card

Cheer O! Christmas, 1918 Christmas card
Cheer O! Christmas, 1918. Christmas card for Section Sanitaire No. 58. English School. Date: 1918

Background imageSanitation Collection: THAILAND: HARBOR SCENE. Natives bathing in the harbor in Thailand, with fishing

THAILAND: HARBOR SCENE. Natives bathing in the harbor in Thailand, with fishing boats in the background. Photograph, late 19th or early 20th century

Background imageSanitation Collection: CHINA: CHEFANG, c1940. People washing their clothes in a stream, at the family s

CHINA: CHEFANG, c1940. People washing their clothes in a stream, at the family s
CHINA: CHEFANG, c1940. People washing their clothes in a stream, at the familys regular washing place, using a strong soap that keeps the immediate area of the stream free of mosquitoes

Background imageSanitation Collection: The Street of Facades in the rock city of Petra, Jordan

The Street of Facades in the rock city of Petra, Jordan
Sanitation lorry in the Street of Facades in the rock city of Petra, Jordan

Background imageSanitation Collection: Building of Common Sewers on Holborn, 1845 (w / c and graphite on paper)

Building of Common Sewers on Holborn, 1845 (w / c and graphite on paper)
XJF495438 Building of Common Sewers on Holborn, 1845 (w/c and graphite on paper) by Scharf, George the Elder (1788-1860); Private Collection; German, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: A man urinating, 1631 (eching)

A man urinating, 1631 (eching)
XJF412267 A man urinating, 1631 (eching) by Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (1606-69); Private Collection; (add.info.: Man making water)

Background imageSanitation Collection: The introduction of split cane brooms for London street sweepers, 1840 (pencil on paper)

The introduction of split cane brooms for London street sweepers, 1840 (pencil on paper)
XJF354252 The introduction of split cane brooms for London street sweepers, 1840 (pencil on paper) by Scharf, George the Elder (1788-1860); Private Collection; German, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: In Bloomsbury Square during the heat wave, 1828 (pencil on paper)

In Bloomsbury Square during the heat wave, 1828 (pencil on paper)
XJF354251 In Bloomsbury Square during the heat wave, 1828 (pencil on paper) by Scharf, George the Elder (1788-1860); Private Collection; German, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: Sewer construction in Bloomsbury, London, 1845 (pencil on paper)

Sewer construction in Bloomsbury, London, 1845 (pencil on paper)
XJF354246 Sewer construction in Bloomsbury, London, 1845 (pencil on paper) by Scharf, George the Elder (1788-1860); Private Collection; German, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: Enlarging the sewers at Moorfields, London, 1841 (pencil on paper)

Enlarging the sewers at Moorfields, London, 1841 (pencil on paper)
XJF354245 Enlarging the sewers at Moorfields, London, 1841 (pencil on paper) by Scharf, George the Elder (1788-1860); Private Collection; German, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: The Laying of the Water-Main in Tottenham Court Road, 1834 (watercolour on paper)

The Laying of the Water-Main in Tottenham Court Road, 1834 (watercolour on paper)
XJF354243 The Laying of the Water-Main in Tottenham Court Road, 1834 (watercolour on paper) by Scharf, George the Elder (1788-1860); Private Collection; German, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: The Old Hare and Hounds, Buckridge Street, St Giles in1818 (drawing)

The Old Hare and Hounds, Buckridge Street, St Giles in1818 (drawing)
XJF3038369 The Old Hare and Hounds, Buckridge Street, St Giles in1818 (drawing) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Annotated by the artist (George Scharf)

Background imageSanitation Collection: Clerks-Well, Clerkenwell, London, published 1822 (engraving)

Clerks-Well, Clerkenwell, London, published 1822 (engraving)
XJF618940 Clerks-Well, Clerkenwell, London, published 1822 (engraving) by English School, (19th century); Private Collection; English, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: Emptying the Chamber Pots, illustration from Praxis rerum criminalium by

Emptying the Chamber Pots, illustration from Praxis rerum criminalium by
XJF347997 Emptying the Chamber Pots, illustration from Praxis rerum criminalium by Joose de Damhouder, 1554 (woodcut) (b/w photo) by Dutch School

Background imageSanitation Collection: Flushing the Sewers (engraving) (b / w photo)

Flushing the Sewers (engraving) (b / w photo)
XJF280587 Flushing the Sewers (engraving) (b/w photo) by English School; Private Collection; English, out of copyright

Background imageSanitation Collection: Map showing the Distribution of Deaths from Cholera in the Registration Districts of London

Map showing the Distribution of Deaths from Cholera in the Registration Districts of London
XJF275636 Map showing the Distribution of Deaths from Cholera in the Registration Districts of London, 1866 (litho) (b/w photo) by English School

Background imageSanitation Collection: State Street, Boston, engraved by S. Lacey (engraving) (b / w photo)

State Street, Boston, engraved by S. Lacey (engraving) (b / w photo)
XJF265835 State Street, Boston, engraved by S.Lacey (engraving) (b/w photo) by Bartlett, William Henry (1809-54) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

Background imageSanitation Collection: Main sewer from the Strasbourg Station to the Seine. Official visit of the Minister of Interior

Main sewer from the Strasbourg Station to the Seine. Official visit of the Minister of Interior
XIR253240 Main sewer from the Strasbourg Station to the Seine. Official visit of the Minister of Interior, General Charles Marie Esprit Espinasse (1815-59) April 1858 (engraving) (b/w photo)

Background imageSanitation Collection: Father Thames Introduces his Offspring to the Fair City of London, a design for a

Father Thames Introduces his Offspring to the Fair City of London, a design for a
XJF121252 Father Thames Introduces his Offspring to the Fair City of London, a design for a fresco in the new Houses of Parliament (engraving) (b&w photo) by English School

Background imageSanitation Collection: Millville, New Jersey - Scenes. A view of Whitall Tatum Company houses

Millville, New Jersey - Scenes. A view of Whitall Tatum Company houses. Yards looking from Myrtle St. to upper Whitall Tatum plant

Background imageSanitation Collection: NEW YORK: FIVE POINTS, 1866. Water pump in a backyard on Baxter Street in the Five

NEW YORK: FIVE POINTS, 1866. Water pump in a backyard on Baxter Street in the Five Points district of New York Citys Lower East Side. Wood engraving, American, 1866

Background imageSanitation Collection: Toothbrushes in a toothbrush tumbler

Toothbrushes in a toothbrush tumbler

Background imageSanitation Collection: THOMAS CRAPPER (1837-1902). English sanitary engineer

THOMAS CRAPPER (1837-1902). English sanitary engineer. Thomas Crapper and his workmen testing his design for the water closet cistern. Drawing by his grandniece, Edith B. Crapper

Background imageSanitation Collection: BERLIN: WORKERS, c1915. Women street sanitation workers in Berlin, Germany. Photograph

BERLIN: WORKERS, c1915. Women street sanitation workers in Berlin, Germany. Photograph, c1915

Background imageSanitation Collection: STREET SWEEPERS, 1911. A group of New York City street sweepers photographed at

STREET SWEEPERS, 1911. A group of New York City street sweepers photographed at the time of a garbage strike, when they remained on the job, November 1911

Background imageSanitation Collection: STREET SWEEPER, c1910. A street sweeper, employed by the Department of Sanitation

STREET SWEEPER, c1910. A street sweeper, employed by the Department of Sanitation, at work in New York City. Photographed c1910

Background imageSanitation Collection: STREET SWEEPER, c1896. A street sweeper with a broom in New York City

STREET SWEEPER, c1896. A street sweeper with a broom in New York City. Photographed c1896 by Elizabeth Alice Austen

Background imageSanitation Collection: STREET SWEEPER, c1896. A street sweeper with a handcart in New York City

STREET SWEEPER, c1896. A street sweeper with a handcart in New York City. Photographed c1896 by Elizabeth Alice Austen

Background imageSanitation Collection: PUBLIC HEALTH: PRIVIES, c1915. Handbill with instructions for maintaining sanitary

PUBLIC HEALTH: PRIVIES, c1915. Handbill with instructions for maintaining sanitary privies to safeguard against typhoid fever and other illnesses, issued by the Walker County, Alabama

Background imageSanitation Collection: HINE: RURAL SCHOOL, 1921. The outhouses at a rural school in Marey, West Virginia

HINE: RURAL SCHOOL, 1921. The outhouses at a rural school in Marey, West Virginia. Photograph by Lewis Wickes Hine, October 1921

Background imageSanitation Collection: NEW YORK: GARBAGE STRIKE. A crowd in New York City gathered around carts and wagons

NEW YORK: GARBAGE STRIKE. A crowd in New York City gathered around carts and wagons loaded with garbage during a garbage strike, 8-11 November 1911

Background imageSanitation Collection: HINE: POVERTY, 1909. Three young boys scavenging through a dump pile in Boston, Massachusetts

HINE: POVERTY, 1909. Three young boys scavenging through a dump pile in Boston, Massachusetts. Photograph by Lewis Hine, October 1909

Background imageSanitation Collection: POLLUTION CARTOON, c1828. Monster Soup. Satirical etching by William Heath, c1828

POLLUTION CARTOON, c1828. Monster Soup. Satirical etching by William Heath, c1828, commenting on the consequences for Londons water supply resulting from the pollution of the Thames River

Background imageSanitation Collection: HINE: MILL HOUSING, 1912. Poor housing conditions for textile mill workers in Woonsocket

HINE: MILL HOUSING, 1912. Poor housing conditions for textile mill workers in Woonsocket, Rhode Island. Photograph by Lewis Hine, November 1912

Background imageSanitation Collection: IMMIGRATION: EXAM, 1921. Members of the New York City Health Department examining an immigrant

IMMIGRATION: EXAM, 1921. Members of the New York City Health Department examining an immigrant, probably at Ellis Island. Photograph, 1921

Background imageSanitation Collection: Sterling 6 wheeler, rigid tanker, fitted for specialist operations of sewage collection

Sterling 6 wheeler, rigid tanker, fitted for specialist operations of sewage collection and disposal

Background imageSanitation Collection: Urinal with a pretty tiled blue wall

Urinal with a pretty tiled blue wall



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"From Waiting for the Hour to Modern Innovations: A Journey through Sanitation History" Step back in time to 1863, where an unknown creator and William Tolman Carlton captured Edward Farmer and his gang diligently going underground, cleaning scraps of paper. This glimpse into the past reminds us of the tireless efforts made towards sanitation. Fast forward to the 1880s, when Thomas Crapper's revolutionary invention, the Water Waste Preventer, was patented. This innovation marked a significant milestone in improving sanitary conditions and preventing waste buildup. In 1931 Paris, artist Ernest Flammarion immortalized sewer cleaners working tirelessly in the Main Sewer. Their dedication showcased their commitment to maintaining cleanliness even in challenging environments. Traveling further back in history reveals Sir John Harington's creation - the Water Closet. This remarkable invention brought comfort and improved hygiene standards for centuries to come. David Boswell Reid's contributions cannot be overlooked either. His expertise paved the way for advancements in sanitation systems that we benefit from today. The advert by Davis & Bennett showcasing heavy fireclay urinal stalls demonstrates how businesses have played a vital role in providing clean facilities for public use throughout history. A snapshot of early 20th-century Paris takes us to Vespasiennes or public urinals on Grands Boulevards. These structures served as essential amenities ensuring proper sanitation practices were accessible to all. Even aquatic life benefits from cleanliness. Actinopterygii fish species like bluestreak bony fish thrive when their habitats are properly cleaned and maintained across Asia. Moving closer to modern times brings us face-to-face with New Superloos installed on Hall Street, St Helens, Merseyside in February 1988. These state-of-the-art facilities represented progress towards more hygienic public toilets available for everyone's convenience. Finally, workmen inspecting underground sewer tunnels beneath Mersey tunnel remind us that behind every clean and functional system, there are dedicated individuals ensuring its smooth operation.