Symbiotic Collection (page 4)

Lichen covered rock in boreal forest, High Coast, Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea, Sweden

Cup Lichen (Cladonia pyxidata) fruiting bodies, with raindrops resting in cups and lensing interior, Clumber Park, Nottinghamshire, England, October

Yellownose Shrimpgoby (Stonogobiops xanthorhinica) adult, with Randalls Snapping Shrimp (Alpheus randalli) at hole entrance on black sand, Lembeh Straits, Sulawesi, Sunda Islands, Indonesia, June

Red-margin Shrimpgoby (Amblyeleotris rubrimarginata) adult, with Snapping Shrimp (Alpheus sp. ) cleaning shared hole
Red-margin Shrimpgoby (Amblyeleotris rubrimarginata) adult, with Snapping Shrimp (Alpheus sp.) cleaning shared hole, Lembeh Straits, Sulawesi, Sunda Islands, Indonesia, March

Orange coloured Clownfish with three white stripes

Cup lichen (Cladonia sp. )
Cup lichen (Cladonia sp.) growing on a stone. Lichens are symbiotic organisms formed of a fungus and an alga that mutually benefit one another. Photographed in the UK

Lichen, SEM C015 / 5082
Lichen, coloured environmental scanning electron micrograph (ESEM). Lichens are symbiotic organisms formed of a fungus and an alga that mutually benefit one another

Pine cone on lichen. Close-up of a cone from a pine (Pinus sp.) tree on reindeer lichen (Cladonia portentosa). Photographed in the UK

Arctic rocks and lichen (orange and grey). Lichens are formed from a symbiotic association between a fungus and an alga. The alga is contained within the fungus

Ciliate protozoan, light micrograph C014 / 4676
Ciliate protozoan. Differential interference contrast micrograph of a ciliate protozoan, showing the symbiotic green algae (Zoochlorellae, green) contained in vacuoles within

Ciliate protozoan, light micrograph C014 / 4667
Ciliate protozoan. Differential interference contrast micrograph of a ciliate protozoan, showing the symbiotic green algae (Zoochlorellae, green) contained in vacuoles within

Ants harvesting treehopper honeydew
Ants (brown) harvesting treehopper (green) honeydew. Honeydew is a sugary substance excreted by certain insects and their larvae (here)

Paramecium bursaria protozoan C016 / 8579
Paramecium bursaria protozoan, phase-contrast light micrograph. This ciliate protozoan inhabits freshwater, where it feeds mainly on bacteria

Coral grouper being cleaned by shrimps
A coral grouper, Cephalopholis miniata, being cleaned by two cleaner shrimp. Photographed at North Ari Atoll, Maldives

Boxer shrimp cleaning in mouth of eel
A banded boxer shrimp, Stenopus hispidus, in giant moray eels mouth. Although this looks risky, the eel knows not to eat the shrimp as it is important in keeping the eel clean and parasite free

Cleaner wrasse in gills of squirrelfish
A sabre squirrelfish, Sargocentron spiniferum, with two symbiotic cleaner wrasse looking for parasites in gills. Photographed at South Ari Atoll, Maldives

Moray eel being cleaned by wrasse
A giant moray eel, Gymnothorax javanicus, with a cleaner wrasse feeding between its teeth. Photographed at North Ari Atoll, Maldives

Pufferfish with cleaner wrasse

Blackspotted puffer and cleaner wrasse. Blackspotted puffer (Arothron nigropunctatus) with a juvenile cleaner wrasse (family Labridae) on a reef. Photographed in the Andaman Sea, Thailand

Cleaner wrasse cleaning soldierfish
A bluestreak cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus, cleaning anal fin of squirrelfish. Photographed in North Ari Atoll, Maldives

Paramecium bursaria protozoan, light micr
Paramecium bursaria protozoan, differential interference contrast light micrograph. This ciliate protozoan inhabits freshwater, where it feeds mainly on bacteria

Powderblue surgeonfish with wrasse
A powderblue surgeonfish, Acanthurus leucosternon, having its mouth cleaned by cleaner wrasse Photographed at Ari Atoll, Maldives

Bare-root mycorrhizal fungi treatment C013 / 7276
Application of a mycorrhizal fungi product in the planting of a bare-root hedging plant. These fungi act as a plant stimulator by improving the access to nutrients

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7071
Ant symbiosis. Close-up of Philidris sp. ants and their eggs (white) inside the leaf of a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7073
Ant symbiosis. Close-up of Philidris sp. ants with their larvae (white) inside the leaf of a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7070
Ant symbiosis. Philidris sp. ants and their eggs (white) inside the leaf of a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7068
Ant symbiosis. Close-up of Philidris sp. ants on a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7069
Ant symbiosis. Philidris sp. ants on a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship. This Southeast Asian epiphytic vine has inflated hollow leaves (large)

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7067
Ant symbiosis. Close-up of Philidris sp. ants on a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7066
Ant symbiosis. Close-up of Philidris sp. ants on a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7065
Ant symbiosis. Close-up of Philidris sp. ants on a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Ant symbiosis C013 / 7064
Ant symbiosis. Close-up of Philidris sp. ants on a Malayan urn vine (Dischidia major), with which they form a symbiotic relationship

Nitrogen-fixing root nodule, micrograph
Nitrogen-fixing root nodule. Light micrograph of a section through a root nodule of a broad bean plant (Faba vulgaris) showing the symbiotic Rhizobium leguminosarum bacteria (purple) within it

Teloschistes chrysopthalmus, lichen
Lichen shown in its herbarium packet from the collections of the Natural History Museum, London. Some lichens look virtually the same as dried specimens as in the field

Xanthoria parietina, lichen
Shown here is a maritime sunburst lichen. A photograph of the ascus containing eight ascopores

Field equipment

Lichens result from an intimate relationship between a fungus and an alga; there are about 18, 000 species

Witches Whiskers Lichen (Usnea florida) growing on oak branch, Powys, Wales, February

Indonesia, Pantar Island. This crab is commensal w / numerous varieties of soft coral
Indonesia, Pantar Island. This crab is commensal w/ numerous varieties of soft coral Credit as

Indonesia, Adonara Island. Close-up of invertebrates are commensal with urchins

Indonesia, Raja Ampat. Close-up of decorator crab that lives commensally with soft corals and matches color with host

Indonesia, Raja Ampat. A pygmy seahorse lives in association with seafans and matches color of host fan for protection

Indonesia, Raja Ampat. A Clarks anemonefish peeks out from anemone tentacles

Indonesia, Raja Ampat. Cleaner wrasse fish on coral reef

Indonesia, Raja Ampat. Close-up of pygmy seahorse the same coloration as surrounding coral

Indonesia, Raja Ampat. This goby fish is commensal with many species of marine invertebrates, such as soft coral

Cup Lichen (Cladonia diversa) fruiting bodies, growing with other lichen species on heathland, Morden Bog National Nature Reserve, Dorset, England, january

Tar Lichen (Verrucaria mucosa) growing on coastal rock with limpet, Swanage, Dorset, England, april

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"Symbiotic Wonders: Nature's Perfect Partnerships" The Twoband anemonefish finds solace in the protective embrace of its host anemone, forming a symbiotic relationship that benefits both. Fly agaric fungi and trees share a fascinating symbiosis, as these vibrant mushrooms provide nutrients to their tree hosts while receiving shelter and support in return. In the depths of Indonesia's Sulawesi Island, the Lembeh Strait reveals a remarkable sight - two Coleman shrimp thriving alongside their commensal partners. Cup lichen (Cladonia floerkeana) showcases nature's harmonious collaboration between algae and fungi, creating stunning patterns on rocks and trees. Lichen (Teloschistes chrysophthalmus) demonstrates its incredible adaptability by forming mutually beneficial relationships with various organisms, including rocks or even other lichens. The False clown anemonefish dances among the tentacles of its host sea anemone, relying on this mutual bond for protection from predators lurking in the ocean depths. Witnessing the majestic Black rhinoceros roaming Africa's plains reminds us of their crucial role in maintaining ecosystems through symbiotic interactions with plants and other animals. Picture No. 11980889 captures a mesmerizing underwater scene where UW INDO 2021 expedition explores intricate coral reefs teeming with diverse marine life engaged in countless symbiotic partnerships. Red-billed Oxpeckers (Buphagus erythrorhynchus) play a vital role as they feed upon parasites infesting Wildebeests in Botswana's Savuti region—a perfect example of mutualism benefiting both species involved. DDE-90025563 & DDE-90025562 showcase captivating images portraying how different organisms rely on each other for survival—highlighting nature's intricate web of interdependence within ecosystems.