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Qualities of Ringdoves (recto); On the Benefits of Quails (verso)... c. 1300. Creator: Unknown
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Qualities of Ringdoves (recto); On the Benefits of Quails (verso)... c. 1300. Creator: Unknown
Qualities of Ringdoves (recto); On the Benefits of Quails (verso), from a Manafi al-Hayawan (On the Usefulness of Animals) of Ibn Bakhtishu (d. 1058), c. 1300. This small illustration of ringdoves incorporates the influence of Chinese naturalism in the drawing of the tree trunk and lotus blossom. In contrast, the reverse side is more traditional. The innovative page layouts feature cursive nashki script with bold angular kufic script headings. Derived from Aristotelian sources, this treatise deals with the physical characteristics and organs of animals. The text was translated into Persian from Arabic for the Ilkhanid ruler Ghazan Khan (reigned 1295-1304). Roughly a dozen pages from this long-lost manuscript are known. It is dated by comparison with a similar manuscript made at Maragha, near Tabriz, in 1297 or 1299
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Media ID 19640055
© Heritage Art/Heritage Images
1256 1353 And Gold On Paper Ilkhanid Period Iran Opaque Watercolour
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This print showcases a rare and ancient manuscript titled "Qualities of Ringdoves (recto); On the Benefits of Quails (verso)" created around 1300 by an unknown artist. The artwork is part of a larger work called Manafi al-Hayawan, written by Ibn Bakhtishu in the 11th century. The recto side of this small illustration depicts ringdoves with remarkable attention to detail, influenced by Chinese naturalism. The tree trunk and lotus blossom are beautifully rendered, showcasing the cross-cultural exchange that occurred during this period. In contrast, the verso side follows a more traditional style. What makes this manuscript truly innovative are its page layouts featuring cursive nashki script accompanied by bold angular kufic script headings. Derived from Aristotelian sources, it explores the physical characteristics and organs of animals. Translated into Persian from Arabic specifically for Ghazan Khan, an Ilkhanid ruler who reigned from 1295 to 1304, only a few pages from this once-lost manuscript have survived. Its creation can be dated through comparison with another similar manuscript produced in Maragha near Tabriz between 1297 and 1299. Preserved on paper using ink and opaque watercolor embellished with gold accents, this artwork represents an invaluable piece of heritage art from Iran's Ilkhanid period. Currently housed at The Cleveland Museum of Art, it stands as a testament to the rich cultural exchanges that shaped our understanding of animals during medieval times.
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