Roll Call of Hard Labor Convicts Serving Their Sentence in the Settlement, 1891. Creator: Aleksei Kuznetsov

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Roll Call of Hard Labor Convicts Serving Their Sentence in the Settlement, 1891. Creator: Aleksei Kuznetsov

Roll Call of Hard Labor Convicts Serving Their Sentence in the Settlement, 1891. One of 74 views taken in July 1891 and contained in the albumTipy i vidy Nerchinskoi katorgi (Views and inhabitants of Nerchinsk hard labor camps). The Nerchinskkatorgawas part of the katorga (forced labor) system of imperial Russia, located in the province of Transbaikalia (present-day Zabaykal'skiy Kray), near the Russian border with China. The katorga was administered by the Ministry of Interior and included prisons at Akatuy, Kara, Aleksandrovsk, Nerchinskii Zavod, and Zerentuy, all of which are depicted in the album. National Library of Russia

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Aleksei Kirillovich Kuznetsov Aleksei Kuznetsov Convict Convicts Exile Exiled Forced Labour Hard Labour Katorga Kuznetsov Aleksei Labour Camp Nerchinsk Transbaikal Territory Russia Penal Servitude Prison Camp Prisoner Prisoners Punishing Punishment Roll Call Siberia Siberian Transbaikal Russia Zabaykalsky Krai Russia Meeting Of Frontiers

EDITORS COMMENTS
This evocative photograph, titled "Roll Call of Hard Labor Convicts Serving Their Sentence in the Settlement," was captured by Russian photographer Aleksei Kuznetsov in the summer of 1891. The image is part of a larger collection, "Tipy i vidy Nerchinskoi katorgi" (Views and inhabitants of Nerchinsk hard labor camps), which documents the daily life and environment of the Nerchinsk labor camp in Transbaikalia, Russia. Located near the Russian border with China, the Nerchinsk labor camp was one of several facilities that comprised the katorga (forced labor) system of imperial Russia. Administered by the Ministry of Interior, the camp housed convicts who were serving their sentences for various crimes. The camp included prisons at Akatuy, Kara, Aleksandrovsk, Nerchinskii Zavod, and Zerentuy, all of which are depicted in Kuznetsov's album. In this photograph, a group of male convicts stand at attention in front of a wooden building, likely the camp's administrative headquarters. Their expressions are somber, and their clothing is worn and tattered. The convicts are arranged in rows, with the tallest men in the back and the shortest in the front, creating a sense of order and discipline. The wooden building, with its intricate carvings and ornate details, stands in stark contrast to the rough, unkempt appearance of the men. The photograph offers a glimpse into the harsh realities of life in a Russian labor camp during the late 19th century. The men in this image were likely exiled from their homes and families, forced to work long hours under harsh conditions, and subjected to punishments for infractions. Despite the difficult circumstances, they maintain a sense of order during roll call, demonstrating the resilience and determination of the human spirit in the face of adversity.

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