Catherine Duchesse Guise
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Catherine Duchesse Guise
CATHERINE de CLEVES, duchesse de GUISE wife of Henri, troisieme duc (Le Balafre) Catholic leader against the protestants. Date: CIRCA 1570
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Media ID 14091839
© Mary Evans Picture Library
1570 Catherine Cleves Duchesse Guise Henri Protestants Troisieme Balafre
EDITORS COMMENTS
In this striking portrait, Catherine de Cleves, Duchess of Guise (circa 1570), is depicted as a powerful and regal figure, reflecting her influential role as a Catholic leader during a time of religious turmoil in France. The Duchess, dressed in richly embroidered clothing and adorned with pearls and other precious jewels, gazes directly at the viewer with a confident and determined expression. Born Catherine of Cleves in 1523, she was the daughter of Duke William V of Cleves and Maria of Jülich-Berg. In 1548, she married Henri, Duc de Guise, the third Duke of Guise, who was a prominent Catholic leader in France during the Protestant Reformation. The Guise family played a significant role in French politics and were known for their military prowess and religious fervor. As the Duchess of Guise, Catherine became an influential figure in her own right. She supported her husband's efforts to defend Catholicism against the spread of Protestantism in France, and was known for her charitable works and patronage of the arts. The family's influence reached its peak during the reign of Catherine's brother-in-law, King Charles IX, who relied on the Guises for political support. However, the Guises' power and influence would ultimately lead to their downfall. In 1572, during the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, thousands of Protestants were killed in Paris and throughout France, an event that was orchestrated in part by the Guises. The massacre marked the beginning of the end for the Guise family, and they were eventually expelled from France in 1589. Despite the tragic end to the Guise family's reign, Catherine de Cleves' legacy as a powerful and influential figure in French history endures. This portrait, with its striking depiction of the Duchess' strength and determination, serves as a reminder of her important role in the religious and political landscape of 16th-century France.
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