John C. Calhoun
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John C. Calhoun
John C. Calhoun. Date c1853
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Media ID 7304894
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EDITORS COMMENTS
John C. Calhoun (1782-1850) was a prominent American statesman, political theorist, and diplomat who served as the seventh Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1829, under President John Quincy Adams. Calhoun was born in Abbeville District, South Carolina, and studied law at the University of South Carolina before beginning his political career. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives and the U.S. House of Representatives before being appointed to the U.S. Senate in 1817. Calhoun is best known for his strong defense of states' rights and his belief in the supremacy of the individual over the federal government. He advocated for nullification, the right of a state to nullify federal laws that it deemed unconstitutional. This belief led to the Nullification Crisis of 1832, when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over a tariff dispute. Calhoun resigned from the Senate in 1832 and served as Secretary of State under President Andrew Jackson from 1832 to 1834. He later served as Secretary of War from 1845 to 1848 under President James K. Polk. This photograph of John C. Calhoun is believed to have been taken around 1853, several years after his retirement from public life. Calhoun died in Washington, D.C., on March 31, 1850, at the age of 67. He is remembered as a complex and influential figure in American history, whose ideas continue to shape debates over federalism, states' rights, and the balance of power between the federal government and the states.
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