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Robert Guiscard (Col)
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Robert Guiscard (Col)
ROBERT GUISCARD, duke of Apulia and Calabria, Norman conqueror Date: 1015 - 1085
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Media ID 14283436
© Mary Evans Picture Library
1085 Apulia Calabria Conqueror Norman Guiscard
EDITORS COMMENTS
In this evocative image, Robert Guiscard, Duke of Apulia and Calabria, stands proudly before his army, a Norman conqueror in the heart of Southern Italy. Born in 1015, Guiscard was the eldest son of Tancred of Hauteville, a Norman nobleman who had come to Italy as part of the Norman conquest of Sicily. By the time this portrait was taken, likely in the late 11th century, Guiscard had carved out a formidable reputation as a military leader and statesman. Guiscard's rise to power began in earnest in 1042 when he was granted the duchies of Apulia and Calabria by Pope Leo IX. With these territories as his base, Guiscard set about expanding his dominions, conquering the Byzantine territories in southern Italy and Sicily, and establishing a Norman presence in the Mediterranean. This portrait captures Guiscard in the prime of his power, with his strong jawline, piercing gaze, and imposing stature. He wears the robes of a duke, adorned with intricate embroidery and rich fabrics, a testament to his wealth and status. In his hand, he holds a scepter, a symbol of his authority, and at his feet, the defeated enemy lies prostrate, a reminder of Guiscard's military prowess. Despite his military successes, Guiscard was also a shrewd diplomat, forging alliances with the papacy and the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Byzantine Empire when it suited his interests. He ruled his territories with a firm hand, but also with a degree of enlightened governance, promoting trade and culture, and building churches and monasteries. Robert Guiscard died in 1085, leaving behind a lasting legacy as one of the greatest Norman conquerors in history. This portrait serves as a reminder of his indomitable spirit and his indelible impact on the history of Southern Italy and the Mediterranean world.
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