Cortex Collection (page 6)

Horsetail stem, light micrograph. Transverse section through the stem of the common horsetail (Equisetum arvensis). The stem consists of an outer epidermis and an outer cortex of sclerenchyma cells

Creation of the human brain, artwork
Creation of the human brain. Conceptual computer artwork of a human brain amid swirling clouds of stardust. This could represent the creation and evolution of the modern human brain

Butchers broom stem, light micrograph
Butchers broom stem. Polarised light micrograph of a section through a butchers broom stem (Ruscus aculeatis) showing many vascular bundles (dark clusters) within the plant cortex (orange)

Kidney bean stem, light micrograph
Kidney bean stem. Light micrograph of a section through the stem of a kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plant. The outer layer is the cuticle (brown), with a cortex of parenchyma (yellow) beneath it

Lilac stem, light micrograph
Lilac stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the young woody stem of a lilac (Fraxinus excelsior) tree. The thick epidermis (solid green) is being sloughed (pushed/broken)

Broad bean root, light micrograph
Broad bean root. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the young root of a broad bean (Vicia faba) plant. The outer epidermis is covered in root hairs

Kidney bean root, light micrograph
Kidney bean root. Light micrograph of a section through the root of a kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plant. At centre is the pith (blue)

Common broom stem, light micrograph
Common broom stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the stem of a common broom (Salicornia europaea) plant

Ash stem, light micrograph
Ash stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the woody stem of an ash (Fraxinus excelsior) tree showing four growth rings (concentric circles)

Oleander stem, light micrograph
Oleander stem. Light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of an oleander (Nerium oleander) tree. The outer layer is a thick cuticle (yellow) and then cork cambium (blue-green)

Marsh samphire stem, light micrograph
Marsh samphire stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the stem of a marsh samphire, (Salicornia europaea) plant. This is a succulent, xerophytic, halophyte plant

Ginkgo leaf stalk, light micrograph
Ginkgo leaf stalk. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the leaf stalk (petiole) of a ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba)

Blackcurrant plant stem, light micrograph
Blackcurrant plant stem. Light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of a blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) plant. The outer cortex (blue and pale brown) is made of cork cambium tissue

Spikenard stem, light micrograph
Spikenard stem. Light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of a Spikenard (Aralia sp.) tree. The dark red cells just beneath the surface bark are collenchyma cells

Buttercup root, light micrograph
Buttercup root. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the root of a buttercup (Ranunculus sp.) plant. At centre is the vascular bundle, comprising xylem (red) and phloem (blue) tissues

Rose stem, light micrograph
Rose stem. Light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of a rose (Rosa sp.). The three triangular protrusions are thorns, which protect the plant from being eaten by animals

Elder tree stem, light micrograph
Elder tree stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the very young woody stem of an elder (Sambuca nigra) tree

Dog rose stem, light micrograph
Dog rose stem. Polarised light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of a dog rose (Rosa canina) plant. The outer cortex (black and red) is made of cork cambium tissue

Willow stem, light micrograph
Willow stem. Light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of a willow (Salix sp.) tree. At centre is the pith (white), surrounded by woody xylem tissue (pink)

Subconsciousness, conceptual image. Computer artwork of an abstract diagram above the coloured cortex of a human brain, representing the thought processes that occur in the mind

Maple stem, light micrograph
Maple stem. Polarised light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of a field maple (Acer campestre). This shows the thick layer of cork (phellem)

Dutchmans pipe plant stem. Light micrograph of a section through the stem of a dutchmans pipe plant (Aristolochia sipho). The inner blue circle is a layer of sclerenchyma fibres

Scots pine tree stem, light micrograph
Scots pine tree stem. Polarised light micrograph of a cross-section through the stem of a Scots pine tree (Pinus sylvestris), showing resin canals

Stem of the nootka cypress. Light micrograph of a cross-section of the stem of the conifer nootka cypress (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis)

Human brain, artwork
Human brain anatomy. Computer artwork of a persons head showing the brain with the right hemisphere removed. The following regions can be seen: outer cortex (red) somatosensory cortex (lighter)

Human brain anatomy, artwork
Human brain anatomy. Computer artwork of a persons head showing the brain with the right hemisphere removed. The brainstem can be seen (bottom left)

Waterweed stem, light micrograph
Waterweed stem. Polarised light micrograph of a transverse section through a stem of the aquatic western waterweed (Elodea nuttallii) plant

Mistletoe stem, light micrograph
Mistletoe stem. Polarised light micrograph of a transverse section through the stem of a mistletoe (Viscum album) plant. The epidermis (outer layer)

Mares tail stem, light micrograph
Mares tail stem. Polarised light micrograph of a transverse section through a stem of the aquatic mares tail (Hippuris vulgaris) plant. All aquatic plants (hydrophytes) have a similar stem structure

Clematis stem, light micrograph
Clematis stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the stem of a clematis (Clematis flammula) plant. At the centre of the stem is a large area of pith, consisting of parenchyma cells

Liana stem, light micrograph
Liana stem. Light micrograph of a transverse section through the stem of a liana (Aristolochia tormentosa), or woody vine. At the centre of the stem is the pith, consisting of parenchyma cells

Kidney, longitudinal section
Kidney. Light micrograph of a longitudinal section through a kidney, showing the outer region (cortex, round the edges) and the inner region (medulla, centre)

Brain activity, artwork
Brain activity. Computer artwork showing activity (red) in the frontal (left) and temporal (centre) lobes of a human brain. The front of the brain is at left

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The cortex, a fascinating part of the brain, is responsible for numerous functions that are essential to our daily lives. One remarkable aspect of the the motor homunculus, a representation of how different parts of our body are controlled by specific areas in the brain. This intricate map showcases the complexity and precision with which movements are coordinated. Purkinje nerve cells in the cerebellum play a crucial role in maintaining balance and coordination. These unique cells have an elaborate branching structure that allows them to transmit information efficiently within this important region of the brain. Examining a vascular bundle under scanning electron microscopy reveals its intricate network, highlighting how blood vessels supply vital nutrients and oxygen to sustain healthy brain tissue. Artwork depicting basal ganglia captures their significance as they contribute to various functions such as movement regulation and decision-making processes. Their interconnectedness emphasizes their influence on overall brain function. Understanding the complex system that ensures proper blood supply to brain tissue is crucial. The delicate balance between oxygen delivery and demand plays a critical role in maintaining optimal cognitive function. A light micrograph showcasing a lime tree stem provides insight into plant anatomy but also serves as a reminder of nature's intricate design parallels with human biology. Similar Purkinje nerve cells can be found within the cerebellum structure when observed under light microscopy. Their distinct appearance further emphasizes their importance in coordinating movements smoothly and precisely. Phantom pain after amputation remains an enigma; artwork capturing this phenomenon highlights its impact on individuals who experience sensations from missing limbs—an intriguing area where neuroscience continues to seek answers. Exploring water fern rhizome under light microscopy offers glimpses into its internal structures, reminding us that biological intricacies extend beyond humans alone—a testament to nature's diversity and complexity. A pine tree stem captured through light microscopy unveils its cellular composition—underscoring similarities between plant tissues and those found within our own bodies—a reflection of shared evolutionary history across species boundaries.