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Scene in New Zealand, with some of its remarkable birds
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Scene in New Zealand, with some of its remarkable birds
Plate 13 from Alfred Russel Wallaces The Geographical Distribution of Animals, (1876)
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1823 1913 Alfred Russel Alfred Russel Wallace Apteryx Australasia Bill Flightless Gruiformes Kiwi Monochrome New Zealand Pair Apterygidae Apterygiformes Kakapo New Zealand Parrot
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EDITORS COMMENTS
Plate 13 from Alfred Russel Wallace's seminal work, "The Geographical Distribution of Animals," published in 1876, showcases a remarkable scene from the exotic lands of New Zealand in the nineteenth century. The illustration captures the unique pairing of two native New Zealand birds, the Kiwi (Apteryx mantelli) and the New Zealand Parrot (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae), in their natural habitat. The Kiwi, a flightless, long-billed bird, is depicted on the ground, its distinctive featherless body and small, round wings concealed. The Kiwis are nocturnal, spending their days hidden in burrows to avoid predators. Their elongated beaks are perfectly adapted for foraging in the forest floor, where they search for insects, worms, and other invertebrates. In contrast, the New Zealand Parrot, also known as the Kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), is a flightless, brightly colored parrot with a distinctive, owl-like face. The Kakapo is also nocturnal and spends its days hidden in burrows or tree hollows. The parrot's vibrant plumage and distinctive appearance make it a striking contrast to the drab-colored Kiwi. This monochrome illustration provides a glimpse into the unique avian diversity of New Zealand, which was only beginning to be explored and documented during the 19th century. Alfred Russel Wallace, a contemporary of Charles Darwin, played a crucial role in the discovery and study of many of the remarkable species that inhabit this far-flung corner of the world. The Gruiformes and Apterygiformes orders, to which the Kiwi and Kakapo belong, are characterized by their long, heavy bills and lack of the ability to fly. These unique birds, along with many others, continue to fascinate and inspire scientists and nature enthusiasts around the world, making New Zealand a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the natural world.
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