Mandible Collection (page 7)

Leafcutter ant C018 / 2392
Leafcutter ant. Close-up of the head of a Daceton boltoni ant, showing its large mandibles (upper left), which it uses to cut through leaves

Trap-jaw ant C018 / 2435
Trap-jaw ant. Close-up of the head of a trap-jaw ant (Odontomachus sp.), showing its large mandibles (right). These carnivorous ants have spring-loaded serrated jaws to allow them to trap prey

Tasmanian devil jaw C016 / 5709
Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus laniarius) lower jaw. From the collections at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Megalosaurus dinosaur jaw C016 / 5697
Megalosaurus jaw. Fragment of a lower jaw from the carnivorous dinosaur Megalosaurus. Throughout the dinosaurs life young teeth pushed up to replace old teeth

Edmontosaurus dinosaur jaw C016 / 5696
Edmontosaurus jaw. Fossilised jaw from a Edmonotosaurus dinosaur, showing the interlocking teeth which formed a grating surface for eating tough vegetation

Hominoid and human mandible C016 / 5609
Hominoid and human mandible (lower jaw). Human mandible (left) compared with a Sivapithecus hominoid mandible. Sivapithecus, an extinct ape from the Miocene, lived 9 million years ago

Orangutan skull, artwork C016 / 5549
Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) skull. Pencil and ink drawing by Henrik Gronvold (1858-1940) from Notes on Anthropoid Apes (1904) by Lord Lionel Walter Rothschild

Prehistoric human skull bones C016 / 5496
Prehistoric human skull bones. These fossil remains are from modern humans (Homo sapiens) and date from up to 12, 000 years ago

Homo heidelbergensis mandible (Mauer 1) C016 / 5208
Homo heidelbergensis mandible (Mauer 1). Cast of the fossil mandible from the Homo heidelbergensis specimen discovered by workmen in 1907 at Mauer, Germany

Hominid fossil collection C016 / 5104
Hominid fossil collection. Selection of items, including casts of fossil hominid skulls, from the anthropological collection at the Natural History Museum, London, UK

Articular disk of the jaw, artwork C016 / 2889
Articular disk of the jaw. Artwork of a side view of a human skull with the jaws closed, showing the articular disk (white) and other cartilage of the temporomandibular joint

Articular disk of the jaw, artwork C016 / 2890
Articular disk of the jaw. Artwork of a side view of a human skull with the jaws open, showing the articular disk (white) and other cartilage of the temporomandibular joint

Stingless bee sleeping, Ecuador C013 / 8856
Stingless (or meliponine) bee sleeping at night with its mandibles clamped to a leaf. Photographed in the Jatun Sacha Reserve, Amazon rainforest, Ecuador

Crocodilian fossil skull and cast. The first ancestors of crocodiles evolved around 220 million years ago in the Triassic Period. Fossils appear as rock slowly forms around objects buried in mud

Trap-jaw ant C013 / 7059
Trap-jaw ant. Close-up of a trap-jaw ant (Odontomachus bauri), showing its large mandibles protruding to the left and right of its head (centre)

Trap-jaw ant C013 / 7058
Trap-jaw ant. Close-up of a trap-jaw ant (Odontomachus bauri), showing its large mandibles protruding to the left and right of its head (centre)

Trap-jaw ant carrying eggs C013 / 7056
Trap-jaw ant carrying eggs. Close-up of a trap-jaw ant (Odontomachus bauri) using its large mandibles to carry eggs. This Central

Trap-jaw ant carrying eggs C013 / 7055
Trap-jaw ant carrying eggs. Close-up of a trap-jaw ant (Odontomachus bauri) using its large mandibles to carry eggs. This Central

Trap-jaw ant C013 / 7054
Trap-jaw ant. Close-up of a trap-jaw ant (Odontomachus bauri), showing its large mandibles (right) protruding to the left and right of the head

Ant carrying water C013 / 7053
Ant carrying water. Close-up of an Ectatomma sp. ant carrying a droplet of water in its mandibles to bring back to the nest

Giant lemur skull C013 / 6684
Giant lemur (Megaladapis edwardsi) skull. This extinct primate grew up to 1.5 metres in length. It was endemic to Madagascar and became extinct around 500 years ago

Plesiadapis primate jaw C013 / 6683
Primate jaw. Left section of the lower jaw (mandible) bone from a Plesiadapis fodinatus primate. This extinct herbivorous primate lived in what is now North America during the Late Paleocene around

Australopithecus africanus jaw bone C013 / 6559
Australopithecus africanus mandible (lower jaw) from an adolescent male (of about 12 years). A. africanus was a bipedal hominid that lived between 3.5 and 2 million years ago

Paranthropus robustus jaw bone C013 / 6558
Paranthropus robustus mandible (lower jaw). Also known as Australopithecus robustus, this extinct hominid lived in Africa during the late Pliocene between 2.6 and 1 million years ago

Homo erectus lower jaw C013 / 6551
Cast of a Homo erectus mandible (lower jaw). The fossil this cast was taken from is known as SK 15 Member 2, and was found at Swartkrans, South Africa

Homo heidelbergensis lower jaw C013 / 6550
Cast of a Homo heidelbergensis mandible (lower jaw). The jaw this cast was made from was found in Mauer, near Heidelberg, Germany, in 1907. It dates to around 500, 000 years ago. H

Head and neck anatomy, artwork
Head and neck anatomy. Computer artwork of a human head and neck with the overlying tissues removed to show the brain (pink) within a sectioned skull that includes the teeth (white) of the jaws

Spider stalking prey, SEM
Spider stalking prey. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a wolf spider (Euophrys sp.) stalking a fly. Magnification: x19 when printed at 10 centimetres wide

Caenolestes
Teeth and mandibles of marsupials of the genus Caenolestes that presented detal anomalies. Photographs by Gabriel Martin

Homo heidelbergensis mandible casts (Mauer 1 and Swartkrans)
The larger mandible is a cast from Homo heidelbergensis and was discovered by workmen at Mauer sand-pit, Germany in 1907. The smaller is of a mandible discovered in Swartkrans, South Africa

Homo habilis cranium & mandible fragment casts
Casts of fragments mandible and cranium fragments of a Homo habilis discovered at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania dating back to between 1.85 million years ago to 1.6 million years ago

Rhinoceros sondaicus, javan rhinoceros skull from sunderabund, Bengal

Lower jaw casts of Paranthropus robustus (Swartkrans 23) and
From Swartkrans, South Africa (left) and Peninj, Tanzania (right)

Malacorhynchus membranaceus, pink-eared duck
Watercolour 92 by Thomas Wattling from the Watling Collection titled the Mandibles of a very curious creature

Homo sapiens (Goughs Cave 6) mandible
Adult mandible excavated from Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset dates back to around 14, 000 to12, 000 years ago (Creswellian)

Lucans (Odontolabis) gazella, Oriental stag beetle
Fig 5 of plate 26 from The Cabinet of Oriental Entomology, 1848 by J. O. Westwood

Brontotherium skull
Skull measuring 730 mm left to right, without the lower jaw, of Brontotherium, a gigantic Oligocene browsing ungulate from Nabraska, North America

Tupaia glis, common tree shrew
Teeth in the upper mandible of a male comon tree shrew, showing the fundamental mammalian triangle of sharp, pointed cusps. Scale is in millimetres

Casts of Australopithecus boisei jaw bones
Casts of Upper jaw (left) of Australopithecus (Paranthropus) boisei from the Olduvai Gorge; lower jaw (right) of Australopithecus (Paranthropus) boisei from Peninj

Homo sapiens mandible
Mandible of an adult male early modern Homo sapiens from Predmosti, Czech Republic lived about 27, 000 years ago. Gravettian culture, Upper Palaeolithic

Australopithecus africanus cranium & mandible (Sts 5)
Cast reconstruction of cranium & mandible belonging to Australopithecus africanus discovered at Sterkfontein by Dr Robert Broom and J.T. Robinson in April 1947

Sarcophilus laniarius, Tasmanian devil
Jaw of a Tasmanian devil from the collections at the Natural History Museum

Plesiadapis fodinatus, primate
Left section of a mandible of the primate, Plesiadapis fondinatus. Specimen dates from the Late Paleocene, silver coulee Quarry, Park County, Wyoming, USA

Proconsul, Homo heildebergensis & Homo neanderthalensis cran
L to R: Cranium of Proconsul, an extinct primate that lived 18 million years ago; Homo heildebergensis (Broken Hill 1) discovered in Zambia; and Homo neanderthalensis (Gibraltar 1)

Detail of bird beaks
Plate 281, hand coloured copperplate etching from George Edwards The Gleanings of Natural History, Vol. 2 (1760). Annotated Four curious beaks of birds but little known

Preliminary flourine test of the Piltdown remains in 1949
Dr Kenneth Oakley discussing with Mr L. E. Parsons (right) where the mandible of Piltdown man could be sampled with the least risk of damage

Homo sapiens (Goughs Cave 49) mandible
Adolescent modern human mandible found during excavations in Goughs Cave, Cheddar, Somerset, dates back to around 14, 000 - 12, 000 year ago, (Creswellian)

Cranium and mandible (Piltdown 1 & 2)
Piltdown man cranium and mandible as reconstructed on the left by Dr. A Smith Woodward and on the right by Professor Arthur Keith

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The mandible, also known as the jawbone, is a fascinating and crucial component of our skull anatomy. Leonardo da Vinci's detailed sketches in his "Skull Anatomy" showcase the intricacies of this bone. A panoramic dental X-ray allows us to examine the mandible's structure and its relationship with teeth. Looking back in time, the Paranthropus boisei (Zinjanthropus) cranium (OH5) provides valuable insights into our evolutionary history. The study of human skulls through X-rays reveals not only the mandible but also other vital structures within our head. Nature never fails to amaze us; even tiny creatures like the red-barbed ant can be observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), revealing their unique mandibles adapted for various tasks. Meanwhile, a cross-section diagram illustrates how our mouth and jaw work together harmoniously. Insects are no exception when it comes to showcasing intriguing mandibular adaptations. Witnessing a red flour beetle in flight or examining an artwork depicting a Black Death rat flea reminds us of nature's diversity and complexity. However, sometimes unfortunate incidents occur that affect this essential bone. Fractured jawbones captured by X-rays remind us of both medical challenges and advancements in treating such injuries. Zooming further into nature's wonders, we encounter spiny spiders under SEMs - their menacing-looking yet functional jaws ready for capturing prey. Ultimately, whether studying ancient fossils or observing modern-day organisms, understanding the mandible plays an integral role in comprehending head and neck anatomy as depicted beautifully through artworks dedicated to this subject matter.