Sub Unit Collection

A subunit is a fundamental building block in various biological systems, playing crucial roles in the intricate machinery of life

Sub Unit Collection: Nucleosome molecule

Nucleosome molecule, computer model. A nucleosome is a subunit of chromatin, the substance that forms chromosomes. It consists of a short length of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Sub Unit Collection: Skeletal muscle fibre

Skeletal muscle fibre. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of skeletal muscle fibre. This type of muscle is striated

$Ribgrass mosaic virus (RMV), computer model. This image was created using UCSF Chimera molecular modelling software and fibre X-ray diffraction$

Ribgrass mosaic virus, computer model
Ribgrass mosaic virus (RMV), computer model. This image was created using UCSF Chimera molecular modelling software and fibre X-ray diffraction

Sub Unit Collection: RNA polymerase alpha subunit

RNA polymerase alpha subunit
RNA polymerase. Molecular model of the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase (purple) with a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, pink and green)

Sub Unit Collection: Cholera toxin, artwork

Cholera toxin, artwork
Cholera toxin, molecular structure. Cholera is an infectious intestinal disease caused by this toxin produced by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae

Sub Unit Collection: Glycogen units, molecular model

Glycogen units, molecular model. Glycogen is made from many glucose molecules linked by one of two types of glycosidic bonds

Sub Unit Collection: DNA crystal lattice

DNA crystal lattice. Computer model showing the crystal structure of a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) lattice. The lattice is built of small 3D triangular DNA subunits

Sub Unit Collection: Antibiotic mechanism of action, artwork

Antibiotic mechanism of action, artwork
Antibiotic mechanism of action. Computer artwork showing the sites where two different families of antibiotics exert their effects on messenger RNA (mRNA)

Sub Unit Collection: Lysyl oxidase enzyme molecule

Lysyl oxidase enzyme molecule. Computer artwork showing the secondary structure of the enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX). LOX is a homodimeric (composed of two identical subunits)

Sub Unit Collection: Inhibin beta A molecule

Inhibin beta A molecule. Computer model showing the crystal structure of a molecule of the protein Inhibin beta A (INHBA)

Caspase 3 molecule
Caspase-3 molecule. Computer artwork showing the secondary structure of a molecule of caspase-3. Caspase-3 is a protease, an enzyme that cleaves proteins

Caspase 1 molecule
Caspase-1 molecule. Computer artwork showing the secondary structure of a molecule of caspase-1. Caspase-1 is a protease, an enzyme that cleaves proteins

Sub Unit Collection: Alcohol dehydrogenase, molecular model

Alcohol dehydrogenase, molecular model. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an enzyme that facilitates the break-down of alcohols in the body, which could otherwise be toxic

Sub Unit Collection: RNA-binding protein, molecular model

RNA-binding protein, molecular model
RNA-binding protein. Computer model of the RNA-binding protein ACF (APOBEC-1 complementation factor). It is thought that ACF functions as an RNA-binding subunit that docks APOBEC-1 with an RNA

Sub Unit Collection: RNA polymerase from rabies virus

RNA polymerase from rabies virus, molecular model. This is a single subunit from an enzyme, involved in the replication of the rabies viruss RNA after it has infected a host cell

Sub Unit Collection: Diphtheria toxin structure

Diphtheria toxin structure
Diphtheria toxin, molecular model. This model shows the toxin produced by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the cause of diphtheria

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A subunit is a fundamental building block in various biological systems, playing crucial roles in the intricate machinery of life. One such example is the nucleosome molecule, which acts as a structural unit for DNA packaging within our cells. It consists of DNA wrapped around histone proteins, forming a compact and organized structure. Another important subunit is the transcription factor, working hand-in-hand with ribosomal RNA to regulate gene expression. These dynamic duos ensure that genes are transcribed into functional RNAs, allowing cells to carry out their specific functions effectively. In skeletal muscle fibers, subunits play a pivotal role in muscle contraction and movement. The coordinated action of multiple subunits enables muscles to contract and relax efficiently, facilitating our ability to perform physical activities. Even viruses have their own subunits. Take the Ribgrass mosaic virus for instance - its computer model reveals distinct components that work together harmoniously to infect host plants and replicate its genetic material. Furthermore, RNA polymerase alpha subunit serves as an essential component in initiating transcription by recognizing specific DNA sequences and catalyzing RNA synthesis. This molecular powerhouse ensures accurate transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA molecules. Lastly, we have ribosomal subunits - molecular models showcasing the intricate architecture responsible for protein synthesis within cells. These tiny but mighty structures assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains based on instructions encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA). From DNA packaging to gene regulation and viral replication; from muscle contraction to protein synthesis – these diverse examples highlight how different organisms utilize various types of subunits at microscopic levels for macroscopic outcomes. Subunits truly exemplify nature's ingenious design where small entities come together synergistically for life's grand symphony.